Bifidobacterium - История изменений

Анастасия Сергеевна Цибина в 12:32, 23 сентября 2022

2022-09-23T12:32:04Z

← Предыдущая версия		Версия от 15:32, 23 сентября 2022
Строка 11:		Строка 11:


			https://bbtr.siberianhealth.com/upload/resize_cache/iblock/728/1275_530_1/1579696273125498740.jpg?1589990278391846
	https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/images/0/06/Bifidobacterium.jpg		https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/images/0/06/Bifidobacterium.jpg

Анастасия Сергеевна Цибина в 12:31, 23 сентября 2022

2022-09-23T12:31:12Z

← Предыдущая версия		Версия от 15:31, 23 сентября 2022
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	\|Higher order taxa=Bacteria; Actinobacteria; Actinobacteria (class); Actinobacteridae; Bifidobacteriales; Bifidobacteriaceae		\|Higher order taxa=Bacteria; Actinobacteria; Actinobacteria (class); Actinobacteridae; Bifidobacteriales; Bifidobacteriaceae
	\|Species=B. angulatum; B. animalis; B. asteroides; B. bifidum; B. boum; B. breve; B. catenulatum; B. choerinum; B. coryneforme; B. cuniculi; B. dentium; B. gallicum; B. gallinarum; B indicum; B. longum; B. magnum; B. merycicum; B. minimum; B. pseudocatenulatum; B. pseudolongum; B. psychraerophilum; B. pullorum; B. ruminantium; B. saeculare; B. scardovii; B. simiae; B. subtile; B. thermacidophilum; B. thermophilum; B. urinalis; B. sp.		\|Species=B. angulatum; B. animalis; B. asteroides; B. bifidum; B. boum; B. breve; B. catenulatum; B. choerinum; B. coryneforme; B. cuniculi; B. dentium; B. gallicum; B. gallinarum; B indicum; B. longum; B. magnum; B. merycicum; B. minimum; B. pseudocatenulatum; B. pseudolongum; B. psychraerophilum; B. pullorum; B. ruminantium; B. saeculare; B. scardovii; B. simiae; B. subtile; B. thermacidophilum; B. thermophilum; B. urinalis; B. sp.
	\|Genome Structure=~~The circular chromosome of~~ Bifidobacterium longum ~~has a genome approximately~~ 2,260,000 ~~bp in length with a~~ 60% ~~G-C content~~. ~~More research is being done on sequencing other species of Bifidobacterium~~, ~~especially to understand its probiotic qualities~~.		\|Genome Structure=Кольцевая хромосома Bifidobacterium longum имеет геном длиной приблизительно 2 260 000 п.н. с содержанием GC 60%. Проводятся дополнительные исследования по секвенированию других видов бифидобактерий, особенно для понимания их пробиотических свойств.
	\|Cell Structure=Полезные бактерии, или пробиотики — это микроорганизмы, которые доказано приносят пользу. К самым распространенным относятся лакто- и бифидобактерии. Продукты с пробиотиками — по сути, продукты (или добавки), которые содержат полезные бактерии.Bifidobacterium is a Gram-positive, anaerobic, branched rod-shaped bacterium. In the intestines, they ferment sugars to produce lactic acid. The B. longum genome codes for many proteins specialized for the catabolism of oligosaccharides. This bacterium also is able to use so-called "nondigestible" plant polymers or host-derived glycoproteins and glycoconjugates; it is thought that Bifidobacterium's ability to compete with other gastrointestinal bacteria and occupy a large percentage in the bacterial flora of the gastrointestinal region might be partly due to the large variety of molecules that it is able to use for energy		\|Cell Structure=Полезные бактерии, или пробиотики — это микроорганизмы, которые доказано приносят пользу. К самым распространенным относятся лакто- и бифидобактерии. Продукты с пробиотиками — по сути, продукты (или добавки), которые содержат полезные бактерии.Bifidobacterium is a Gram-positive, anaerobic, branched rod-shaped bacterium. In the intestines, they ferment sugars to produce lactic acid. The B. longum genome codes for many proteins specialized for the catabolism of oligosaccharides. This bacterium also is able to use so-called "nondigestible" plant polymers or host-derived glycoproteins and glycoconjugates; it is thought that Bifidobacterium's ability to compete with other gastrointestinal bacteria and occupy a large percentage in the bacterial flora of the gastrointestinal region might be partly due to the large variety of molecules that it is able to use for energy
	\|Ecology=While Bifidobacterium infantis, B. brevi, and B. longum are the largest group of bacteria in the intestine of infants, Bifidobacteria are said to be only the 3rd or 4th largest group in adults (and comprise only 3-6% of adult fecal flora). The number of Bifidobacteria actually decline in the human body with age. In infants who are breast-fed, Bifidobacteria constitute about 90% of their intestinal bacteria; however, this number is lower in bottle-fed infants. When breast-fed infants' diets are changed to cows milk and solid food, Bifidobacteria are joined by rising numbers of other bacteria found in the human body such as Bacteroides and Streptococci lactobacilli. The lower number of Bifidobacteria in formula-fed babies might account for a higher risk of diarrhea and allergies that is usually associated with babies who aren't breast-fed; in addition, because Bifidobacteria produces lactic acid instead of gas (like E. coli), infants and people in general with more Bifidobacteria than other bacteria will have less gas and digestive problems. There is also a significant difference in the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in the children receiving probiotic-supplemented (inriched with Bifidobacterium) formula (16%) than nonsupplemented formula (31%).		\|Ecology=While Bifidobacterium infantis, B. brevi, and B. longum are the largest group of bacteria in the intestine of infants, Bifidobacteria are said to be only the 3rd or 4th largest group in adults (and comprise only 3-6% of adult fecal flora). The number of Bifidobacteria actually decline in the human body with age. In infants who are breast-fed, Bifidobacteria constitute about 90% of their intestinal bacteria; however, this number is lower in bottle-fed infants. When breast-fed infants' diets are changed to cows milk and solid food, Bifidobacteria are joined by rising numbers of other bacteria found in the human body such as Bacteroides and Streptococci lactobacilli. The lower number of Bifidobacteria in formula-fed babies might account for a higher risk of diarrhea and allergies that is usually associated with babies who aren't breast-fed; in addition, because Bifidobacteria produces lactic acid instead of gas (like E. coli), infants and people in general with more Bifidobacteria than other bacteria will have less gas and digestive problems. There is also a significant difference in the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in the children receiving probiotic-supplemented (inriched with Bifidobacterium) formula (16%) than nonsupplemented formula (31%).

Munina Irina Ivanovna в 12:25, 23 сентября 2022

2022-09-23T12:25:59Z

← Предыдущая версия		Версия от 15:25, 23 сентября 2022
Строка 5:		Строка 5:
	\|Species=B. angulatum; B. animalis; B. asteroides; B. bifidum; B. boum; B. breve; B. catenulatum; B. choerinum; B. coryneforme; B. cuniculi; B. dentium; B. gallicum; B. gallinarum; B indicum; B. longum; B. magnum; B. merycicum; B. minimum; B. pseudocatenulatum; B. pseudolongum; B. psychraerophilum; B. pullorum; B. ruminantium; B. saeculare; B. scardovii; B. simiae; B. subtile; B. thermacidophilum; B. thermophilum; B. urinalis; B. sp.		\|Species=B. angulatum; B. animalis; B. asteroides; B. bifidum; B. boum; B. breve; B. catenulatum; B. choerinum; B. coryneforme; B. cuniculi; B. dentium; B. gallicum; B. gallinarum; B indicum; B. longum; B. magnum; B. merycicum; B. minimum; B. pseudocatenulatum; B. pseudolongum; B. psychraerophilum; B. pullorum; B. ruminantium; B. saeculare; B. scardovii; B. simiae; B. subtile; B. thermacidophilum; B. thermophilum; B. urinalis; B. sp.
	\|Genome Structure=The circular chromosome of Bifidobacterium longum has a genome approximately 2,260,000 bp in length with a 60% G-C content. More research is being done on sequencing other species of Bifidobacterium, especially to understand its probiotic qualities.		\|Genome Structure=The circular chromosome of Bifidobacterium longum has a genome approximately 2,260,000 bp in length with a 60% G-C content. More research is being done on sequencing other species of Bifidobacterium, especially to understand its probiotic qualities.
	\|Cell Structure=Bifidobacterium is a Gram-positive, anaerobic, branched rod-shaped bacterium. In the intestines, they ferment sugars to produce lactic acid. The B. longum genome codes for many proteins specialized for the catabolism of oligosaccharides. This bacterium also is able to use so-called "nondigestible" plant polymers or host-derived glycoproteins and glycoconjugates; it is thought that Bifidobacterium's ability to compete with other gastrointestinal bacteria and occupy a large percentage in the bacterial flora of the gastrointestinal region might be partly due to the large variety of molecules that it is able to use for energy		\|Cell Structure=Полезные бактерии, или пробиотики — это микроорганизмы, которые доказано приносят пользу. К самым распространенным относятся лакто- и бифидобактерии. Продукты с пробиотиками — по сути, продукты (или добавки), которые содержат полезные бактерии.Bifidobacterium is a Gram-positive, anaerobic, branched rod-shaped bacterium. In the intestines, they ferment sugars to produce lactic acid. The B. longum genome codes for many proteins specialized for the catabolism of oligosaccharides. This bacterium also is able to use so-called "nondigestible" plant polymers or host-derived glycoproteins and glycoconjugates; it is thought that Bifidobacterium's ability to compete with other gastrointestinal bacteria and occupy a large percentage in the bacterial flora of the gastrointestinal region might be partly due to the large variety of molecules that it is able to use for energy
	\|Ecology=While Bifidobacterium infantis, B. brevi, and B. longum are the largest group of bacteria in the intestine of infants, Bifidobacteria are said to be only the 3rd or 4th largest group in adults (and comprise only 3-6% of adult fecal flora). The number of Bifidobacteria actually decline in the human body with age. In infants who are breast-fed, Bifidobacteria constitute about 90% of their intestinal bacteria; however, this number is lower in bottle-fed infants. When breast-fed infants' diets are changed to cows milk and solid food, Bifidobacteria are joined by rising numbers of other bacteria found in the human body such as Bacteroides and Streptococci lactobacilli. The lower number of Bifidobacteria in formula-fed babies might account for a higher risk of diarrhea and allergies that is usually associated with babies who aren't breast-fed; in addition, because Bifidobacteria produces lactic acid instead of gas (like E. coli), infants and people in general with more Bifidobacteria than other bacteria will have less gas and digestive problems. There is also a significant difference in the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in the children receiving probiotic-supplemented (inriched with Bifidobacterium) formula (16%) than nonsupplemented formula (31%).		\|Ecology=While Bifidobacterium infantis, B. brevi, and B. longum are the largest group of bacteria in the intestine of infants, Bifidobacteria are said to be only the 3rd or 4th largest group in adults (and comprise only 3-6% of adult fecal flora). The number of Bifidobacteria actually decline in the human body with age. In infants who are breast-fed, Bifidobacteria constitute about 90% of their intestinal bacteria; however, this number is lower in bottle-fed infants. When breast-fed infants' diets are changed to cows milk and solid food, Bifidobacteria are joined by rising numbers of other bacteria found in the human body such as Bacteroides and Streptococci lactobacilli. The lower number of Bifidobacteria in formula-fed babies might account for a higher risk of diarrhea and allergies that is usually associated with babies who aren't breast-fed; in addition, because Bifidobacteria produces lactic acid instead of gas (like E. coli), infants and people in general with more Bifidobacteria than other bacteria will have less gas and digestive problems. There is also a significant difference in the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in the children receiving probiotic-supplemented (inriched with Bifidobacterium) formula (16%) than nonsupplemented formula (31%).
	}}		}}

Munina Irina Ivanovna в 12:24, 23 сентября 2022

2022-09-23T12:24:03Z

← Предыдущая версия		Версия от 15:24, 23 сентября 2022
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	}}		}}
	https://atlas.ru/blog/bifidobaktierii-rol-v-zdorovie-mikrobioty-i-vsiegho-orghanizma/		https://atlas.ru/blog/bifidobaktierii-rol-v-zdorovie-mikrobioty-i-vsiegho-orghanizma/
	~~https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Bifidobacterium~~


	https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/images/0/06/Bifidobacterium.jpg		https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/images/0/06/Bifidobacterium.jpg

Анастасия Сергеевна Цибина в 12:19, 23 сентября 2022

2022-09-23T12:19:47Z

← Предыдущая версия		Версия от 15:19, 23 сентября 2022
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	{{Microbs		{{Microbs
	\|Description=~~Bifidobacteria~~, ~~called probiotics~~, ~~are a natural part of the bacterial flora in the human body and have a symbiotic bacteria~~-~~host relationship with humans~~. B. longum ~~promotes good digestion~~, ~~boosts the immune system~~, ~~and produces lactic and acetic acid that controls intestinal pH~~. ~~These bacteria also inhibit the growth of~~ Candida albicans, ~~E. coli~~, ~~and other bacteria that have more pathogenic qualities than Bifidobacteria~~.		\|Description=Бифидобактерии (лат. Bifidobacterium: bifidus — разделённый надвое и bacteria — бактерия) — род грамположительных анаэробных бактерий.
			Бифидобактерии, называемые пробиотиками, являются естественной частью бактериальной флоры в организме человека и имеют симбиотические отношения бактерии-хозяин с людьми. B. longum способствует хорошему пищеварению, укрепляет иммунную систему и вырабатывает молочную и уксусную кислоты, которые контролируют рН кишечника. Эти бактерии также подавляют рост Candida albicans, кишечной палочки и других бактерий, которые обладают более патогенными свойствами, чем бифидобактерии.
	\|Higher order taxa=Bacteria; Actinobacteria; Actinobacteria (class); Actinobacteridae; Bifidobacteriales; Bifidobacteriaceae		\|Higher order taxa=Bacteria; Actinobacteria; Actinobacteria (class); Actinobacteridae; Bifidobacteriales; Bifidobacteriaceae
	\|Species=B. angulatum; B. animalis; B. asteroides; B. bifidum; B. boum; B. breve; B. catenulatum; B. choerinum; B. coryneforme; B. cuniculi; B. dentium; B. gallicum; B. gallinarum; B indicum; B. longum; B. magnum; B. merycicum; B. minimum; B. pseudocatenulatum; B. pseudolongum; B. psychraerophilum; B. pullorum; B. ruminantium; B. saeculare; B. scardovii; B. simiae; B. subtile; B. thermacidophilum; B. thermophilum; B. urinalis; B. sp.		\|Species=B. angulatum; B. animalis; B. asteroides; B. bifidum; B. boum; B. breve; B. catenulatum; B. choerinum; B. coryneforme; B. cuniculi; B. dentium; B. gallicum; B. gallinarum; B indicum; B. longum; B. magnum; B. merycicum; B. minimum; B. pseudocatenulatum; B. pseudolongum; B. psychraerophilum; B. pullorum; B. ruminantium; B. saeculare; B. scardovii; B. simiae; B. subtile; B. thermacidophilum; B. thermophilum; B. urinalis; B. sp.
Строка 10:		Строка 11:
	https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Bifidobacterium		https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Bifidobacterium

	hБифидобактерии — первые бактерии, с которыми знакомится наш организм. Некоторые ученые считают, что первая встреча происходит во время естественных родов, когда ребенок проходит через родовые пути. Именно так эти бактерии оказываются в организме человека и начинают строить основы здоровой экосистемы кишечника.ttphttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/File:Bifido_on_colon.jpgs://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/images/0/06/Bifidobacterium.jpg		https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/images/0/06/Bifidobacterium.jpg

Munina Irina Ivanovna в 12:19, 23 сентября 2022

2022-09-23T12:19:34Z

← Предыдущая версия		Версия от 15:19, 23 сентября 2022
Строка 10:		Строка 10:
	https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Bifidobacterium		https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Bifidobacterium

	~~httphttps~~://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/File:Bifido_on_colon.jpgs://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/images/0/06/Bifidobacterium.jpg		hБифидобактерии — первые бактерии, с которыми знакомится наш организм. Некоторые ученые считают, что первая встреча происходит во время естественных родов, когда ребенок проходит через родовые пути. Именно так эти бактерии оказываются в организме человека и начинают строить основы здоровой экосистемы кишечника.ttphttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/File:Bifido_on_colon.jpgs://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/images/0/06/Bifidobacterium.jpg

Munina Irina Ivanovna в 12:18, 23 сентября 2022

2022-09-23T12:18:27Z

← Предыдущая версия		Версия от 15:18, 23 сентября 2022
Строка 1:		Строка 1:
	~~https://atlas.ru/blog/bifidobaktierii-rol-v-zdorovie-mikrobioty-i-vsiegho-orghanizma/~~{{Microbs		{{Microbs
	\|Description=Bifidobacteria, called probiotics, are a natural part of the bacterial flora in the human body and have a symbiotic bacteria-host relationship with humans. B. longum promotes good digestion, boosts the immune system, and produces lactic and acetic acid that controls intestinal pH. These bacteria also inhibit the growth of Candida albicans, E. coli, and other bacteria that have more pathogenic qualities than Bifidobacteria.		\|Description=Bifidobacteria, called probiotics, are a natural part of the bacterial flora in the human body and have a symbiotic bacteria-host relationship with humans. B. longum promotes good digestion, boosts the immune system, and produces lactic and acetic acid that controls intestinal pH. These bacteria also inhibit the growth of Candida albicans, E. coli, and other bacteria that have more pathogenic qualities than Bifidobacteria.
	\|Higher order taxa=Bacteria; Actinobacteria; Actinobacteria (class); Actinobacteridae; Bifidobacteriales; Bifidobacteriaceae		\|Higher order taxa=Bacteria; Actinobacteria; Actinobacteria (class); Actinobacteridae; Bifidobacteriales; Bifidobacteriaceae
Строка 7:		Строка 7:
	\|Ecology=While Bifidobacterium infantis, B. brevi, and B. longum are the largest group of bacteria in the intestine of infants, Bifidobacteria are said to be only the 3rd or 4th largest group in adults (and comprise only 3-6% of adult fecal flora). The number of Bifidobacteria actually decline in the human body with age. In infants who are breast-fed, Bifidobacteria constitute about 90% of their intestinal bacteria; however, this number is lower in bottle-fed infants. When breast-fed infants' diets are changed to cows milk and solid food, Bifidobacteria are joined by rising numbers of other bacteria found in the human body such as Bacteroides and Streptococci lactobacilli. The lower number of Bifidobacteria in formula-fed babies might account for a higher risk of diarrhea and allergies that is usually associated with babies who aren't breast-fed; in addition, because Bifidobacteria produces lactic acid instead of gas (like E. coli), infants and people in general with more Bifidobacteria than other bacteria will have less gas and digestive problems. There is also a significant difference in the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in the children receiving probiotic-supplemented (inriched with Bifidobacterium) formula (16%) than nonsupplemented formula (31%).		\|Ecology=While Bifidobacterium infantis, B. brevi, and B. longum are the largest group of bacteria in the intestine of infants, Bifidobacteria are said to be only the 3rd or 4th largest group in adults (and comprise only 3-6% of adult fecal flora). The number of Bifidobacteria actually decline in the human body with age. In infants who are breast-fed, Bifidobacteria constitute about 90% of their intestinal bacteria; however, this number is lower in bottle-fed infants. When breast-fed infants' diets are changed to cows milk and solid food, Bifidobacteria are joined by rising numbers of other bacteria found in the human body such as Bacteroides and Streptococci lactobacilli. The lower number of Bifidobacteria in formula-fed babies might account for a higher risk of diarrhea and allergies that is usually associated with babies who aren't breast-fed; in addition, because Bifidobacteria produces lactic acid instead of gas (like E. coli), infants and people in general with more Bifidobacteria than other bacteria will have less gas and digestive problems. There is also a significant difference in the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in the children receiving probiotic-supplemented (inriched with Bifidobacterium) formula (16%) than nonsupplemented formula (31%).
	}}		}}
			https://atlas.ru/blog/bifidobaktierii-rol-v-zdorovie-mikrobioty-i-vsiegho-orghanizma/
	https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Bifidobacterium		https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Bifidobacterium

	~~https~~://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/images/0/06/Bifidobacterium.jpg		httphttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/File:Bifido_on_colon.jpgs://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/images/0/06/Bifidobacterium.jpg

Rezeda в 12:13, 23 сентября 2022

2022-09-23T12:13:30Z

← Предыдущая версия		Версия от 15:13, 23 сентября 2022
Строка 1:		Строка 1:
	{{Microbs		https://atlas.ru/blog/bifidobaktierii-rol-v-zdorovie-mikrobioty-i-vsiegho-orghanizma/{{Microbs
	\|Description=Bifidobacteria, called probiotics, are a natural part of the bacterial flora in the human body and have a symbiotic bacteria-host relationship with humans. B. longum promotes good digestion, boosts the immune system, and produces lactic and acetic acid that controls intestinal pH. These bacteria also inhibit the growth of Candida albicans, E. coli, and other bacteria that have more pathogenic qualities than Bifidobacteria.		\|Description=Bifidobacteria, called probiotics, are a natural part of the bacterial flora in the human body and have a symbiotic bacteria-host relationship with humans. B. longum promotes good digestion, boosts the immune system, and produces lactic and acetic acid that controls intestinal pH. These bacteria also inhibit the growth of Candida albicans, E. coli, and other bacteria that have more pathogenic qualities than Bifidobacteria.
	\|Higher order taxa=Bacteria; Actinobacteria; Actinobacteria (class); Actinobacteridae; Bifidobacteriales; Bifidobacteriaceae		\|Higher order taxa=Bacteria; Actinobacteria; Actinobacteria (class); Actinobacteridae; Bifidobacteriales; Bifidobacteriaceae

Patarakin: Новая страница: «{{Microbs |Description=Bifidobacteria, called probiotics, are a natural part of the bacterial flora in the human body and have a symbiotic bacteria-host relationship with humans. B. longum promotes good digestion, boosts the immune system, and produces lactic and acetic acid that controls intestinal pH. These bacteria also inhibit the growth of Candida albicans, E. coli, and other bacteria that have more pathogenic qualities than Bifidobacteria. |Higher orde...»

2022-09-22T16:54:36Z

Новая страница: «{{Microbs |Description=Bifidobacteria, called probiotics, are a natural part of the bacterial flora in the human body and have a symbiotic bacteria-host relationship with humans. B. longum promotes good digestion, boosts the immune system, and produces lactic and acetic acid that controls intestinal pH. These bacteria also inhibit the growth of Candida albicans, E. coli, and other bacteria that have more pathogenic qualities than Bifidobacteria. |Higher orde...»

Новая страница

{{Microbs
|Description=Bifidobacteria, called probiotics, are a natural part of the bacterial flora in the human body and have a symbiotic bacteria-host relationship with humans. B. longum promotes good digestion, boosts the immune system, and produces lactic and acetic acid that controls intestinal pH. These bacteria also inhibit the growth of Candida albicans, E. coli, and other bacteria that have more pathogenic qualities than Bifidobacteria.
|Higher order taxa=Bacteria; Actinobacteria; Actinobacteria (class); Actinobacteridae; Bifidobacteriales; Bifidobacteriaceae
|Species=B. angulatum; B. animalis; B. asteroides; B. bifidum; B. boum; B. breve; B. catenulatum; B. choerinum; B. coryneforme; B. cuniculi; B. dentium; B. gallicum; B. gallinarum; B indicum; B. longum; B. magnum; B. merycicum; B. minimum; B. pseudocatenulatum; B. pseudolongum; B. psychraerophilum; B. pullorum; B. ruminantium; B. saeculare; B. scardovii; B. simiae; B. subtile; B. thermacidophilum; B. thermophilum; B. urinalis; B. sp.
|Genome Structure=The circular chromosome of Bifidobacterium longum has a genome approximately 2,260,000 bp in length with a 60% G-C content. More research is being done on sequencing other species of Bifidobacterium, especially to understand its probiotic qualities.
|Cell Structure=Bifidobacterium is a Gram-positive, anaerobic, branched rod-shaped bacterium. In the intestines, they ferment sugars to produce lactic acid. The B. longum genome codes for many proteins specialized for the catabolism of oligosaccharides. This bacterium also is able to use so-called "nondigestible" plant polymers or host-derived glycoproteins and glycoconjugates; it is thought that Bifidobacterium's ability to compete with other gastrointestinal bacteria and occupy a large percentage in the bacterial flora of the gastrointestinal region might be partly due to the large variety of molecules that it is able to use for energy
|Ecology=While Bifidobacterium infantis, B. brevi, and B. longum are the largest group of bacteria in the intestine of infants, Bifidobacteria are said to be only the 3rd or 4th largest group in adults (and comprise only 3-6% of adult fecal flora). The number of Bifidobacteria actually decline in the human body with age. In infants who are breast-fed, Bifidobacteria constitute about 90% of their intestinal bacteria; however, this number is lower in bottle-fed infants. When breast-fed infants' diets are changed to cows milk and solid food, Bifidobacteria are joined by rising numbers of other bacteria found in the human body such as Bacteroides and Streptococci lactobacilli. The lower number of Bifidobacteria in formula-fed babies might account for a higher risk of diarrhea and allergies that is usually associated with babies who aren't breast-fed; in addition, because Bifidobacteria produces lactic acid instead of gas (like E. coli), infants and people in general with more Bifidobacteria than other bacteria will have less gas and digestive problems. There is also a significant difference in the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in the children receiving probiotic-supplemented (inriched with Bifidobacterium) formula (16%) than nonsupplemented formula (31%).
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