Обсуждение:Сложная адаптивная система

Holland

Our efforts received an unexpected gift in early 1996 through the work of the computer scientist and evolutionary theorist, John Holland. Holland (1992, 1996) had developed an overarching theory of complex adaptive systems, which encompassed the processes of biological evolution, neuronal and immunological growth, cellular automata, and, importantly, complex games, like checkers and chess. Because of the broad reach of his theory, we could locate our theory of modular design evolution within his framework. By looking at how his theory was constructed, we could see what was needed to complete our own. From Holland, we got the idea of “operators” as primitive moves and sequences of operators as strategies in a structured, multiplayer game.