Anabaena: различия между версиями
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{{Microbs | {{Microbs | ||
|Description= | |Description=Анабена (лат. Anabaena) — род нитчатых цианобактерий (синезелёных водорослей), входит в состав планктона. Клетки округлые или бочонковидные, имеются гетероцисты. Для анабены характерно наличие специализированных клеток для переживания неблагоприятного периода – акинет. Известны своими азотфиксирующими способностями, образуют симбиотические отношения с определёнными растениями, такими, как некоторые папоротники. Являются одними из четырёх родов цианобактерий, которые производят нейротоксины, наносящими ущерб местной дикой природе, а также сельскохозяйственным и домашним животным.. | ||
|Higher order taxa=Bacteria | |Higher order taxa=Bacteria, Cyanobacteria, Nostocales, Nostocaceae, Anabaena | ||
|Species= | |Species= | ||
* ''Anabaena abnormis'' Proskina-Lavrenko & Makarova | |||
Anabaena abnormis Proskina-Lavrenko & Makarova | * ''Anabaena aequalis'' Borge | ||
Anabaena aequalis Borge | * ''Anabaena aequalis'' f. ''anomala'' Kossinska Kossinskaya | ||
Anabaena aequalis f. anomala Kossinska | * ''Anabaena aerophila'' Brabez | ||
Anabaena aerophila Brabez | * ''Anabaena aeruginosa'' N.L.Gardner | ||
Anabaena aeruginosa N.L.Gardner | * ''Anabaena alatospora'' Gonzalvez & Kamat | ||
Anabaena alatospora Gonzalvez & Kamat | * ''Anabaena alatospora'' var. ''ona'' S.A.Guarrera & R.O.Echenique | ||
Anabaena alatospora var. ona S.A.Guarrera & R.O.Echenique | * ''Anabaena allahabadii'' A.K.Mitra | ||
Anabaena allahabadii A.K.Mitra | * ''Anabaena ambigua'' var. ''unispora'' C.L.Sant’Anna | ||
Anabaena ambigua var. unispora C.L.Sant’Anna | * ''Anabaena anisococca'' Migula | ||
Anabaena anisococca Migula | * ''Anabaena aspera'' Frémy | ||
Anabaena aspera Frémy | * ''Anabaena attenuata'' Kiselev | ||
Anabaena attenuata Kiselev | * ''Anabaena augstumalis'' Schmidle | ||
Anabaena augstumalis Schmidle | * ''Anabaena augstumnalis'' Schmidle | ||
Anabaena augstumnalis Schmidle | * ''Anabaena australica'' Playfair | ||
Anabaena australica Playfair | * ''Anabaena australica'' var. ''constricta'' Playfair | ||
Anabaena australica var. constricta Playfair | * ''Anabaena austroafricana'' Cronberg & Komárek | ||
Anabaena austroafricana Cronberg & Komárek | * ''Anabaena azotica'' Ley | ||
Anabaena azotica Ley | * ''Anabaena baltica'' E.J.Schmidt | ||
Anabaena baltica E.J.Schmidt | * ''Anabaena batophora'' Frémy | ||
Anabaena batophora Frémy | * ''Anabaena beckii'' G.De Toni | ||
Anabaena beckii G.De Toni | * ''Anabaena bederi'' Seckt | ||
Anabaena bederi Seckt | * ''Anabaena belmontica'' C.G.M.Archibald | ||
Anabaena belmontica C.G.M.Archibald | * ''Anabaena berkeleyana'' Batters | ||
Anabaena berkeleyana Batters | * ''Anabaena bernardinensis'' Chodat & Zender | ||
Anabaena bernardinensis Chodat & Zender | * ''Anabaena bharadwajae'' B.N.Prasad | ||
Anabaena bharadwajae B.N.Prasad | * ''Anabaena bispora'' Gayral & Mazancourt | ||
Anabaena bispora Gayral & Mazancourt | * ''Anabaena bolochonceviana'' Woronichin | ||
Anabaena bolochonceviana Woronichin | * ''Anabaena bolochonzewii'' C.Meyer | ||
Anabaena bolochonzewii C.Meyer | * ''Anabaena bonariensis'' Seckt | ||
Anabaena bonariensis Seckt | * ''Anabaena bornetiana'' Collins | ||
Anabaena bornetiana Collins | * ''Anabaena broomei'' Batters | ||
Anabaena broomei Batters | * ''Anabaena californica'' Borge | ||
Anabaena californica Borge | * ''Anabaena carmichaelii'' Cronberg & Komárek | ||
Anabaena carmichaelii Cronberg & Komárek | * ''Anabaena catenula'' Kützing ex Bornet & Flahault | ||
Anabaena catenula Kützing ex Bornet & Flahault | * ''Anabaena cavanillesiana'' González Guerro | ||
Anabaena cavanillesiana González Guerro | * ''Anabaena circinalis'' var. ''crassa'' Ghose | ||
Anabaena circinalis var. crassa Ghose | * ''Anabaena codicola'' Feldmann | ||
Anabaena codicola Feldmann | * ''Anabaena confervoides'' Reinsch ex De Toni | ||
Anabaena confervoides Reinsch ex De Toni | * ''Anabaena contorta'' Bachmann | ||
Anabaena contorta Bachmann | * ''Anabaena cupressaphila'' Wolle | ||
Anabaena cupressaphila Wolle | * ''Anabaena cylindrica'' Lemmermann | ||
Anabaena cylindrica Lemmermann | * ''Anabaena cylindrica'' f. ''intermedia'' Elenkin | ||
Anabaena cylindrica f. intermedia Elenkin | * ''Anabaena cylindrica'' var. ''fertilissima'' Tiwari & R.S.Pandey | ||
Anabaena cylindrica var. fertilissima Tiwari & R.S.Pandey | * ''Anabaena cylindrospora'' Tschernov | ||
Anabaena cylindrospora Tschernov | * ''Anabaena delicatissima'' N.L.Gardner | ||
Anabaena delicatissima N.L.Gardner | * ''Anabaena delicatula'' var. ''robusta'' Eberly | ||
Anabaena delicatula var. robusta Eberly | * '''Anabaena discoidea''' (Schmidle) Ostenfeld | ||
Anabaena discoidea (Schmidle) Ostenfeld | * ''Anabaena duplooyae'' H.Welsh | ||
Anabaena duplooyae H.Welsh | * ''Anabaena echinospora'' Skuja | ||
Anabaena echinospora Skuja | * ''Anabaena echinospora'' var. ''yamano'' S.A.Guarrera & R.O.Echenique | ||
Anabaena echinospora var. yamano S.A.Guarrera & R.O.Echenique | * ''Anabaena elegans'' Sant’Anna | ||
Anabaena elegans Sant’Anna | * ''Anabaena ellipsoidea'' (Compère) Komárek | ||
Anabaena ellipsoidea (Compère) Komárek | * ''Anabaena elliptica'' Lemmermann | ||
Anabaena elliptica Lemmermann | * ''Anabaena elongata'' Prescott | ||
Anabaena elongata Prescott | * Anabaena epiphytica N.L.Gardner | ||
Anabaena epiphytica N.L.Gardner | * Anabaena epiphytica Huber-Pestalozzi | ||
Anabaena epiphytica Huber-Pestalozzi | * Anabaena felisii Bornet & Flahault | ||
Anabaena felisii Bornet & Flahault | * Anabaena flosaquae f. spiroides Woronichin | ||
Anabaena flosaquae f. spiroides Woronichin | * Anabaena flosaquae f. intermedia (Woronichin) Elenkin | ||
Anabaena flosaquae f. intermedia (Woronichin) Elenkin | * Anabaena flosaquae f. minor (West) Elenkin | ||
Anabaena flosaquae f. minor (West) Elenkin | * Anabaena flosaquae f. gracilis (Kleban) Elenkin | ||
Anabaena flosaquae f. gracilis (Kleban) Elenkin | * Anabaena fullebornii Schmidle | ||
Anabaena fullebornii Schmidle | * Anabaena fuscovaginata Mares | ||
Anabaena fuscovaginata Mares | * Anabaena galpinii Claassen | ||
Anabaena galpinii Claassen | * Anabaena geitleri De Toni | ||
Anabaena geitleri De Toni | * Anabaena gerdii E.J.Carpenter & Janson | ||
Anabaena gerdii E.J.Carpenter & Janson | * Anabaena ghosei H.Welsh | ||
Anabaena ghosei H.Welsh | * Anabaena glauca Schmidle | ||
Anabaena glauca Schmidle | * Anabaena gracilis Messikommer | ||
Anabaena gracilis Messikommer | * Anabaena gregaria Zakrzewski | ||
Anabaena gregaria Zakrzewski | * Anabaena gregaria f. rotundata Zakrzewski | ||
Anabaena gregaria f. rotundata Zakrzewski | * Anabaena gregaria f. oblongata Zakrzewski | ||
Anabaena gregaria f. oblongata Zakrzewski | * Anabaena groenlandica Bachmann | ||
Anabaena groenlandica Bachmann | * Anabaena hatueyi Komárek | ||
Anabaena hatueyi Komárek | * Anabaena hieronymii Lemmermann | ||
Anabaena hieronymii Lemmermann | * Anabaena hispida Gayral | ||
Anabaena hispida Gayral | * Anabaena hollerbachii Obukhova [Obuchova] | ||
Anabaena hollerbachii Obukhova [Obuchova] | * Anabaena huberi De Toni | ||
Anabaena huberi De Toni | * Anabaena humicola Bortels | ||
Anabaena humicola Bortels | * Anabaena hunanensis C.-C.Jao | ||
Anabaena hunanensis C.-C.Jao | * Anabaena hyalina Schmidle | ||
Anabaena hyalina Schmidle | * Anabaena impalpabilis Bory ex Bornet & Flahault | ||
Anabaena impalpabilis Bory ex Bornet & Flahault | * Anabaena inaequalis Bornet & Flahault | ||
Anabaena inaequalis Bornet & Flahault | * Anabaena incerta P.J.L.Dangeard | ||
Anabaena incerta P.J.L.Dangeard | * Anabaena incognita H.Welsh | ||
Anabaena incognita H.Welsh | * Anabaena indica Tiwari & Pandey | ||
Anabaena indica Tiwari & Pandey | * Anabaena indica Zeller ex Bornet & Flahault | ||
Anabaena indica Zeller ex Bornet & Flahault | * Anabaena irregularis I.F.Lewis, C.Zirkle & R.Patrick | ||
Anabaena irregularis I.F.Lewis, C.Zirkle & R.Patrick | * Anabaena iyengari Bharadwaja | ||
Anabaena iyengari Bharadwaja | * Anabaena iyengari var. attenuata C.B.Rao | ||
Anabaena iyengari var. attenuata C.B.Rao | * Anabaena jeejiae Komárek | ||
Anabaena jeejiae Komárek | * Anabaena jonssonii J.B.Petersen | ||
Anabaena jonssonii J.B.Petersen | * Anabaena karakumica Kogan | ||
Anabaena karakumica Kogan | * Anabaena kisselevii Proshkina-Lavrenko | ||
Anabaena kisselevii Proshkina-Lavrenko | * Anabaena kwangtungensis S.-H.Ley | ||
Anabaena kwangtungensis S.-H.Ley | * Anabaena lapponica Borge | ||
Anabaena lapponica Borge | * Anabaena lapponica f. insignis Kossinska [Kossinskaya] | ||
Anabaena lapponica f. insignis Kossinska [Kossinskaya] | * Anabaena laxa A.Braun | ||
Anabaena laxa A.Braun | * Anabaena laxa var. hortensis Playfair | ||
Anabaena laxa var. hortensis Playfair | * Anabaena leonardii Compère | ||
Anabaena leonardii Compère | * Anabaena levanderi Lemmermann | ||
Anabaena levanderi Lemmermann | * Anabaena lohammarii Skuja | ||
Anabaena lohammarii Skuja | * Anabaena luteola Schmidle | ||
Anabaena luteola Schmidle | * Anabaena macrospora var. gracilis Lemmermann | ||
Anabaena macrospora var. gracilis Lemmermann | * Anabaena macrospora var. robusta Lemmermann | ||
Anabaena macrospora var. robusta Lemmermann | * Anabaena macrospora f. crassa (Klebahn) Elenkin | ||
Anabaena macrospora f. crassa (Klebahn) Elenkin | * Anabaena manchurica Skvortzov | ||
Anabaena manchurica Skvortzov | * Anabaena marina N.L.Gardner | ||
Anabaena marina N.L.Gardner | * Anabaena marklei J.Copeland | ||
Anabaena marklei J.Copeland | * Anabaena mediocris N.L.Gardner | ||
Anabaena mediocris N.L.Gardner | * Anabaena mehrai Vasishta | ||
Anabaena mehrai Vasishta | * Anabaena mesiana Claassen | ||
Anabaena mesiana Claassen | * Anabaena minderi Huber-Pestalozzi | ||
Anabaena minderi Huber-Pestalozzi | * Anabaena miniata Skuja | ||
Anabaena miniata Skuja | * Anabaena minima Chernov [Tschernov] | ||
Anabaena minima Chernov [Tschernov] | * Anabaena minuta Borzì | ||
Anabaena minuta Borzì | * Anabaena minuta H.Welsh | ||
Anabaena minuta H.Welsh | * Anabaena minutissima var. australis Skuja | ||
Anabaena minutissima var. australis Skuja | * Anabaena minutissima var. attenuata Pridmore & C.S.Reynolds | ||
Anabaena minutissima var. attenuata Pridmore & C.S.Reynolds | * Anabaena minutissima Lemmermann | ||
Anabaena minutissima Lemmermann | * Anabaena monilifera Frémy | ||
Anabaena monilifera Frémy | * Anabaena multispora P.J.L.Dangeard | ||
Anabaena multispora P.J.L.Dangeard | * Anabaena nodularioides Geitler & Ruttner | ||
Anabaena nodularioides Geitler & Ruttner | * Anabaena novizelandica Skuja | ||
Anabaena novizelandica Skuja | * Anabaena oblonga De Wildeman | ||
Anabaena oblonga De Wildeman | * Anabaena orientalis S.C.Dixit | ||
Anabaena orientalis S.C.Dixit | * Anabaena orientalis var. ellipsospora (C.B.Rao) Desikachary | ||
Anabaena orientalis | * Anabaena orthogona West | ||
* Anabaena oscillarioides Bory ex Bornet & Flahault — [[типовой вид]] рода | |||
* Anabaena oscillarioides f. circinalis Playfair | |||
Anabaena oscillarioides f. circinalis Playfair | * Anabaena oscillarioides f. torulosa Playfair | ||
Anabaena oscillarioides f. torulosa Playfair | * Anabaena oscillarioides var. crassa Playfair | ||
Anabaena oscillarioides var. crassa Playfair | * Anabaena oscillarioides var. stenospora Bornet & Flahault | ||
Anabaena oscillarioides var. stenospora Bornet & Flahault | * Anabaena oscillarioides var. angusta Bharadwaja | ||
Anabaena oscillarioides var. angusta Bharadwaja | * Anabaena oscillarioides var. angustus Bharadwaja | ||
Anabaena oscillarioides var. angustus Bharadwaja | * Anabaena oscillarioides var. nova-zelandiae Lemmermann | ||
Anabaena oscillarioides var. nova-zelandiae Lemmermann | * Anabaena oscillarioides f. elliptica (Kisselev) Elenkin | ||
Anabaena oscillarioides f. elliptica (Kisselev) Elenkin | * Anabaena papillosa Hirano | ||
Anabaena papillosa Hirano | * Anabaena paulseniana J.B.Petersen | ||
Anabaena paulseniana J.B.Petersen | * Anabaena perturbata H.Hill | ||
Anabaena perturbata H.Hill | * Anabaena pintoi González Guerrero | ||
Anabaena pintoi González Guerrero | * Anabaena pirinica Petkoff | ||
Anabaena pirinica Petkoff | * Anabaena poulseniana J.B.Petersen | ||
Anabaena poulseniana J.B.Petersen | * Anabaena promecespora Frémy | ||
Anabaena promecespora Frémy | * Anabaena pseudocatenula Claassen | ||
Anabaena pseudocatenula Claassen | * Anabaena pseudoconstricta Cholnoky | ||
Anabaena pseudoconstricta Cholnoky | * Anabaena ramakaranae Bharadwaja | ||
Anabaena ramakaranae Bharadwaja | * Anabaena raytonensis Cholnoky | ||
Anabaena raytonensis Cholnoky | * Anabaena recta Geitler & Ruttner | ||
Anabaena recta Geitler & Ruttner | * Anabaena repens Behre | ||
Anabaena repens Behre | * Anabaena robusta Kogan & Yazkuleva [Jazkulijeva] | ||
Anabaena robusta Kogan & Yazkuleva [Jazkulijeva] | * Anabaena saaremaaensis Skuja | ||
Anabaena saaremaaensis Skuja | * Anabaena salina Alten | ||
Anabaena salina Alten | * Anabaena salina Liebetanz | ||
Anabaena salina Liebetanz | * Anabaena schauderi H.Welsh | ||
Anabaena schauderi H.Welsh | * Anabaena scheremetieviae f. rotundispora Elenkin | ||
Anabaena scheremetieviae f. rotundispora Elenkin | * Anabaena scheremetievii var. ifniensis P.González | ||
Anabaena scheremetievii var. ifniensis P.González | * Anabaena scheremetievii f. ovalispora Elenkin | ||
Anabaena scheremetievii f. ovalispora Elenkin | * Anabaena scheremetievii var. incurvata Elenkin | ||
Anabaena scheremetievii var. incurvata Elenkin | * Anabaena scheremetievii f. ovalispora Schorbat | ||
Anabaena scheremetievii f. ovalispora Schorbat | * Anabaena sedovii Kosinskaya | ||
Anabaena sedovii Kosinskaya | * Anabaena shankargarhii A.K.Varma | ||
Anabaena shankargarhii A.K.Varma | * Anabaena shensiensis C.-C.Jao | ||
Anabaena shensiensis C.-C.Jao | * Anabaena solicola Kondrateva | ||
Anabaena solicola Kondrateva | * Anabaena solitaria f. tenuis (Woronichin) Elenkin | ||
Anabaena solitaria f. tenuis (Woronichin) Elenkin | * Anabaena sphaerica Bornet & Flahault | ||
Anabaena sphaerica Bornet & Flahault | * Anabaena sphaerica f. major J.A.Rino | ||
Anabaena sphaerica f. major J.A.Rino | * Anabaena sphaerica var. tenuis G.S.West | ||
Anabaena sphaerica var. tenuis G.S.West | * Anabaena sphaerica var. attenuata Bharadwaja | ||
Anabaena sphaerica var. attenuata Bharadwaja | * Anabaena sphaerica f. tenuis G.S.West | ||
Anabaena sphaerica f. tenuis G.S.West | * Anabaena sphaerica f. microsperma (Schmidle) Kossinskaja | ||
Anabaena sphaerica f. microsperma (Schmidle) Kossinskaja | * Anabaena sphagnicola Tarnavschi & Mitroiu | ||
Anabaena sphagnicola Tarnavschi & Mitroiu | * Anabaena spinosa Laloraya & Mitra | ||
Anabaena spinosa Laloraya & Mitra | * Anabaena spiroides f. africana (Nygaard) Pankow | ||
Anabaena spiroides f. africana (Nygaard) Pankow | * Anabaena spiroides f. minima (Nygaard) Kossinskaja | ||
Anabaena spiroides f. minima (Nygaard) Kossinskaja | * Anabaena spiroides f. woronichiniana Elenkin | ||
Anabaena spiroides f. woronichiniana Elenkin | * Anabaena spiroides var. contracta Klebahn | ||
Anabaena spiroides var. contracta Klebahn | * Anabaena spiroides var. talyschensis Woronichin | ||
Anabaena spiroides var. talyschensis Woronichin | * Anabaena subdelicatula C.-C.Jao | ||
Anabaena subdelicatula C.-C.Jao | * Anabaena subvariabilis R.E.M.Archibald | ||
Anabaena subvariabilis R.E.M.Archibald | * Anabaena tatarica Kossinskaja | ||
Anabaena tatarica Kossinskaja | * Anabaena tenuis Messikommer | ||
Anabaena tenuis Messikommer | * Anabaena thermalis var. indica F.E.Fritsch | ||
Anabaena thermalis var. indica F.E.Fritsch | * Anabaena thermophila G.H.Schwabe | ||
Anabaena thermophila G.H.Schwabe | * Anabaena toruloides C.G.M.Archibald | ||
Anabaena toruloides C.G.M.Archibald | * Anabaena torulosa Lagerheim ex Bornet & Flahault | ||
Anabaena torulosa Lagerheim ex Bornet & Flahault | * Anabaena torulosa var. tenuis (Lemmermann) Geitler | ||
Anabaena torulosa var. tenuis (Lemmermann) Geitler | * Anabaena torulosa var. stenospora Bornet & Flahault | ||
Anabaena torulosa var. stenospora Bornet & Flahault | * Anabaena torulosa var. cylindracea (Playfair) Geitler | ||
Anabaena torulosa var. cylindracea (Playfair) Geitler | * Anabaena tschujskaja Obukhova | ||
Anabaena tschujskaja Obukhova | * Anabaena tsugarensis M.Watanabe | ||
Anabaena tsugarensis M.Watanabe | * Anabaena turkestanica (Kiselev) Komárek | ||
Anabaena turkestanica (Kiselev) Komárek | * Anabaena tuzsonii Halász | ||
Anabaena tuzsonii Halász | * Anabaena variabilis var. cylindracea Playfair | ||
Anabaena variabilis var. cylindracea Playfair | * Anabaena variabilis var. vietnamensis T.N.H.Phung, Couté & P.Bourrelly | ||
Anabaena variabilis var. vietnamensis T.N.H.Phung, Couté & P.Bourrelly | * Anabaena vaucheriae C.-C.Jao | ||
Anabaena vaucheriae C.-C.Jao | * Anabaena verrucosa J.B.Petersen | ||
Anabaena verrucosa J.B.Petersen | * Anabaena volzii f. gelatinosa P.Bourrelly & Couté | ||
Anabaena volzii f. gelatinosa P.Bourrelly & Couté | * Anabaena werneri Brunnthaler | ||
Anabaena werneri Brunnthaler | * Anabaena westii Virieux | ||
Anabaena westii Virieux | * Anabaena willei N.L.Gardner | ||
Anabaena willei N.L.Gardner | * Anabaena wisconsinensis Prescott | ||
Anabaena wisconsinensis Prescott | * Anabaena woodii G.De Toni<br> | ||
Anabaena woodii G.De Toni | |||
|Genome Structure=The genome of the circular chromosome of the PCC 7120 strain of Anabaena has been sequenced. It contains 1 chromosome with 6,413,771 base pairs with 5,368 predicted protein-coding regions, and six plasmids ranging from 408,101 base pairs to 5,584 base pairs. The sequencing of the anabaena genome will aid researchers in studying the genetics and physiology of cellular differentiation, (as exhibited in the heterocycsts of Anabaena) pattern formation, and nitrogen fixation. | |Genome Structure=The genome of the circular chromosome of the PCC 7120 strain of Anabaena has been sequenced. It contains 1 chromosome with 6,413,771 base pairs with 5,368 predicted protein-coding regions, and six plasmids ranging from 408,101 base pairs to 5,584 base pairs. The sequencing of the anabaena genome will aid researchers in studying the genetics and physiology of cellular differentiation, (as exhibited in the heterocycsts of Anabaena) pattern formation, and nitrogen fixation. | ||
|Cell Structure=During times of low environmental nitrogen, about one cell out of every ten will differentiate into a heterocyst. Heterocysts then supply neighboring cells with fixed nitrogen in return for the products of photosynthesis, that they can no longer perform. This separation of functions is essential because the nitrogen fixing enzyme in heterocysts, nitrogenase, is unstable in the presence of oxygen. | |Cell Structure=During times of low environmental nitrogen, about one cell out of every ten will differentiate into a heterocyst. Heterocysts then supply neighboring cells with fixed nitrogen in return for the products of photosynthesis, that they can no longer perform. This separation of functions is essential because the nitrogen fixing enzyme in heterocysts, nitrogenase, is unstable in the presence of oxygen. | ||
|Ecology=It is commonly accepted that cyanobacteria played a key role in the manufacturing of oxygen during the Precambrian period of earth's history. They perform oxygenic photosynthesis, very similar to that of eukaryotic plants and algae, by utilizing water as a reductant source, consequently producing molecular oxygen. Heterocysts, mentioned above, are terminally differentiated cells that specialize in nitrogen fixation. It is believed that the capacity for developing heterocysts first developed when the concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere (largely produced by cyanobacteria) reached levels high enough to cause the inactivation of the nitrogen-fixing enzyme nitrogenase. | |Ecology=It is commonly accepted that cyanobacteria played a key role in the manufacturing of oxygen during the Precambrian period of earth's history. They perform oxygenic photosynthesis, very similar to that of eukaryotic plants and algae, by utilizing water as a reductant source, consequently producing molecular oxygen. Heterocysts, mentioned above, are terminally differentiated cells that specialize in nitrogen fixation. It is believed that the capacity for developing heterocysts first developed when the concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere (largely produced by cyanobacteria) reached levels high enough to cause the inactivation of the nitrogen-fixing enzyme nitrogenase. | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Анабена''' (лат. ''Anabaena'') — род нитчатых [[Цианобактерии|цианобактерий]] (синезелёных водорослей), входит в состав [[планктон]]а. Клетки округлые или бочонковидные, имеются [[гетероцисты]]. Для анабены характерно наличие специализированных клеток для переживания неблагоприятного периода – [[Акинеты|акинет]]. Известны своими [[Азотфиксация|азотфиксирующими способностями]], образуют [[Симбиоз|симбиотические отношения]] с определёнными растениями, такими, как некоторые [[папоротники]]. Являются одними из четырёх родов цианобактерий, которые производят [[нейротоксин]]ы, наносящими ущерб местной дикой природе, а также сельскохозяйственным и домашним животным. | |||
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Anabaena | https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Anabaena | ||
Текущая версия на 21:05, 29 октября 2022
Описание микроба | Анабена (лат. Anabaena) — род нитчатых цианобактерий (синезелёных водорослей), входит в состав планктона. Клетки округлые или бочонковидные, имеются гетероцисты. Для анабены характерно наличие специализированных клеток для переживания неблагоприятного периода – акинет. Известны своими азотфиксирующими способностями, образуют симбиотические отношения с определёнными растениями, такими, как некоторые папоротники. Являются одними из четырёх родов цианобактерий, которые производят нейротоксины, наносящими ущерб местной дикой природе, а также сельскохозяйственным и домашним животным.. |
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Верхний таксон | Bacteria, Cyanobacteria, Nostocales, Nostocaceae, Anabaena |
Species - виды | [[Species::* Anabaena abnormis Proskina-Lavrenko & Makarova
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Genome Structure= структура генома | The genome of the circular chromosome of the PCC 7120 strain of Anabaena has been sequenced. It contains 1 chromosome with 6,413,771 base pairs with 5,368 predicted protein-coding regions, and six plasmids ranging from 408,101 base pairs to 5,584 base pairs. The sequencing of the anabaena genome will aid researchers in studying the genetics and physiology of cellular differentiation, (as exhibited in the heterocycsts of Anabaena) pattern formation, and nitrogen fixation. |
Cell Structure - клеточная структура | During times of low environmental nitrogen, about one cell out of every ten will differentiate into a heterocyst. Heterocysts then supply neighboring cells with fixed nitrogen in return for the products of photosynthesis, that they can no longer perform. This separation of functions is essential because the nitrogen fixing enzyme in heterocysts, nitrogenase, is unstable in the presence of oxygen. |
Ecology= экология обитания | It is commonly accepted that cyanobacteria played a key role in the manufacturing of oxygen during the Precambrian period of earth's history. They perform oxygenic photosynthesis, very similar to that of eukaryotic plants and algae, by utilizing water as a reductant source, consequently producing molecular oxygen. Heterocysts, mentioned above, are terminally differentiated cells that specialize in nitrogen fixation. It is believed that the capacity for developing heterocysts first developed when the concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere (largely produced by cyanobacteria) reached levels high enough to cause the inactivation of the nitrogen-fixing enzyme nitrogenase. |
Анабена (лат. Anabaena) — род нитчатых цианобактерий (синезелёных водорослей), входит в состав планктона. Клетки округлые или бочонковидные, имеются гетероцисты. Для анабены характерно наличие специализированных клеток для переживания неблагоприятного периода – акинет. Известны своими азотфиксирующими способностями, образуют симбиотические отношения с определёнными растениями, такими, как некоторые папоротники. Являются одними из четырёх родов цианобактерий, которые производят нейротоксины, наносящими ущерб местной дикой природе, а также сельскохозяйственным и домашним животным.
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Anabaena