Anabaena: различия между версиями

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{{Microbs
{{Microbs
|Description='''Анабена''' ({{lang-la|Anabaena}}) — род нитчатых [[Цианобактерии|цианобактерий]] (синезелёных водорослей), входит в состав [[планктон]]а. Клетки округлые или бочонковидные, имеются [[гетероцисты]]. Для анабены характерно наличие специализированных клеток для переживания неблагоприятного периода – [[Акинеты|акинет]]. Известны своими [[Азотфиксация|азотфиксирующими способностями]], образуют [[Симбиоз|симбиотические отношения]] с определёнными растениями, такими, как некоторые [[папоротники]]. Являются одними из четырёх родов цианобактерий, которые производят [[нейротоксин]]ы, наносящими ущерб местной дикой природе, а также сельскохозяйственным и домашним животным.
|Description=Анабена (лат. Anabaena) род нитчатых цианобактерий (синезелёных водорослей), входит в состав планктона. Клетки округлые или бочонковидные, имеются гетероцисты. Для анабены характерно наличие специализированных клеток для переживания неблагоприятного периода – акинет. Известны своими азотфиксирующими способностями, образуют симбиотические отношения с определёнными растениями, такими, как некоторые папоротники. Являются одними из четырёх родов цианобактерий, которые производят нейротоксины, наносящими ущерб местной дикой природе, а также сельскохозяйственным и домашним животным..
|Higher order taxa=Bacteria; Cyanobacteria; Nostocales; Nostocaceae; Anabaena
|Higher order taxa=Bacteria, Cyanobacteria, Nostocales, Nostocaceae, Anabaena
|Species=Согласно базе данных AlgaeBase род Анабена включает следующие признанные виды и внутривидовые формы:
|Species=
 
* ''Anabaena abnormis'' Proskina-Lavrenko & Makarova
Anabaena abnormis Proskina-Lavrenko & Makarova
* ''Anabaena aequalis'' Borge
Anabaena aequalis Borge
* ''Anabaena aequalis'' f. ''anomala'' Kossinska Kossinskaya
Anabaena aequalis f. anomala Kossinska [Kossinskaya]
* ''Anabaena aerophila'' Brabez
Anabaena aerophila Brabez
* ''Anabaena aeruginosa'' N.L.Gardner
Anabaena aeruginosa N.L.Gardner
* ''Anabaena alatospora'' Gonzalvez & Kamat
Anabaena alatospora Gonzalvez & Kamat
* ''Anabaena alatospora'' var. ''ona'' S.A.Guarrera & R.O.Echenique
Anabaena alatospora var. ona S.A.Guarrera & R.O.Echenique
* ''Anabaena allahabadii'' A.K.Mitra
Anabaena allahabadii A.K.Mitra
* ''Anabaena ambigua'' var. ''unispora'' C.L.Sant’Anna
Anabaena ambigua var. unispora C.L.Sant’Anna
* ''Anabaena anisococca'' Migula
Anabaena anisococca Migula
* ''Anabaena aspera'' Frémy
Anabaena aspera Frémy
* ''Anabaena attenuata'' Kiselev
Anabaena attenuata Kiselev
* ''Anabaena augstumalis'' Schmidle
Anabaena augstumalis Schmidle
* ''Anabaena augstumnalis'' Schmidle
Anabaena augstumnalis Schmidle
* ''Anabaena australica'' Playfair
Anabaena australica Playfair
* ''Anabaena australica'' var. ''constricta'' Playfair
Anabaena australica var. constricta Playfair
* ''Anabaena austroafricana'' Cronberg & Komárek
Anabaena austroafricana Cronberg & Komárek
* ''Anabaena azotica'' Ley
Anabaena azotica Ley
* ''Anabaena baltica'' E.J.Schmidt
Anabaena baltica E.J.Schmidt
* ''Anabaena batophora'' Frémy
Anabaena batophora Frémy
* ''Anabaena beckii'' G.De Toni
Anabaena beckii G.De Toni
* ''Anabaena bederi'' Seckt
Anabaena bederi Seckt
* ''Anabaena belmontica'' C.G.M.Archibald
Anabaena belmontica C.G.M.Archibald
* ''Anabaena berkeleyana'' Batters
Anabaena berkeleyana Batters
* ''Anabaena bernardinensis'' Chodat & Zender
Anabaena bernardinensis Chodat & Zender
* ''Anabaena bharadwajae'' B.N.Prasad
Anabaena bharadwajae B.N.Prasad
* ''Anabaena bispora'' Gayral & Mazancourt
Anabaena bispora Gayral & Mazancourt
* ''Anabaena bolochonceviana'' Woronichin
Anabaena bolochonceviana Woronichin
* ''Anabaena bolochonzewii'' C.Meyer
Anabaena bolochonzewii C.Meyer
* ''Anabaena bonariensis'' Seckt
Anabaena bonariensis Seckt
* ''Anabaena bornetiana'' Collins
Anabaena bornetiana Collins
* ''Anabaena broomei'' Batters
Anabaena broomei Batters
* ''Anabaena californica'' Borge
Anabaena californica Borge
* ''Anabaena carmichaelii'' Cronberg & Komárek
Anabaena carmichaelii Cronberg & Komárek
* ''Anabaena catenula'' Kützing ex Bornet & Flahault
Anabaena catenula Kützing ex Bornet & Flahault
* ''Anabaena cavanillesiana'' González Guerro
Anabaena cavanillesiana González Guerro
* ''Anabaena circinalis'' var. ''crassa'' Ghose
Anabaena circinalis var. crassa Ghose
* ''Anabaena codicola'' Feldmann
Anabaena codicola Feldmann
* ''Anabaena confervoides'' Reinsch ex De Toni
Anabaena confervoides Reinsch ex De Toni
* ''Anabaena contorta'' Bachmann
Anabaena contorta Bachmann
* ''Anabaena cupressaphila'' Wolle
Anabaena cupressaphila Wolle
* ''Anabaena cylindrica'' Lemmermann
Anabaena cylindrica Lemmermann
* ''Anabaena cylindrica'' f. ''intermedia'' Elenkin
Anabaena cylindrica f. intermedia Elenkin
* ''Anabaena cylindrica'' var. ''fertilissima'' Tiwari & R.S.Pandey
Anabaena cylindrica var. fertilissima Tiwari & R.S.Pandey
* ''Anabaena cylindrospora'' Tschernov
Anabaena cylindrospora Tschernov
* ''Anabaena delicatissima'' N.L.Gardner
Anabaena delicatissima N.L.Gardner
* ''Anabaena delicatula'' var. ''robusta'' Eberly
Anabaena delicatula var. robusta Eberly
* '''Anabaena discoidea''' (Schmidle) Ostenfeld
Anabaena discoidea (Schmidle) Ostenfeld
* ''Anabaena duplooyae'' H.Welsh
Anabaena duplooyae H.Welsh
* ''Anabaena echinospora'' Skuja
Anabaena echinospora Skuja
* ''Anabaena echinospora'' var. ''yamano'' S.A.Guarrera & R.O.Echenique
Anabaena echinospora var. yamano S.A.Guarrera & R.O.Echenique
* ''Anabaena elegans'' Sant’Anna
Anabaena elegans Sant’Anna
* ''Anabaena ellipsoidea'' (Compère) Komárek
Anabaena ellipsoidea (Compère) Komárek
* ''Anabaena elliptica'' Lemmermann
Anabaena elliptica Lemmermann
* ''Anabaena elongata'' Prescott
Anabaena elongata Prescott
* Anabaena epiphytica N.L.Gardner
Anabaena epiphytica N.L.Gardner
* Anabaena epiphytica Huber-Pestalozzi
Anabaena epiphytica Huber-Pestalozzi
* Anabaena felisii Bornet & Flahault
Anabaena felisii Bornet & Flahault
* Anabaena flosaquae f. spiroides Woronichin
Anabaena flosaquae f. spiroides Woronichin
* Anabaena flosaquae f. intermedia (Woronichin) Elenkin
Anabaena flosaquae f. intermedia (Woronichin) Elenkin
* Anabaena flosaquae f. minor (West) Elenkin
Anabaena flosaquae f. minor (West) Elenkin
* Anabaena flosaquae f. gracilis (Kleban) Elenkin
Anabaena flosaquae f. gracilis (Kleban) Elenkin
* Anabaena fullebornii Schmidle
Anabaena fullebornii Schmidle
* Anabaena fuscovaginata Mares
Anabaena fuscovaginata Mares
* Anabaena galpinii Claassen
Anabaena galpinii Claassen
* Anabaena geitleri De Toni
Anabaena geitleri De Toni
* Anabaena gerdii E.J.Carpenter & Janson
Anabaena gerdii E.J.Carpenter & Janson
* Anabaena ghosei H.Welsh
Anabaena ghosei H.Welsh
* Anabaena glauca Schmidle
Anabaena glauca Schmidle
* Anabaena gracilis Messikommer
Anabaena gracilis Messikommer
* Anabaena gregaria Zakrzewski
Anabaena gregaria Zakrzewski
* Anabaena gregaria f. rotundata Zakrzewski
Anabaena gregaria f. rotundata Zakrzewski
* Anabaena gregaria f. oblongata Zakrzewski
Anabaena gregaria f. oblongata Zakrzewski
* Anabaena groenlandica Bachmann
Anabaena groenlandica Bachmann
* Anabaena hatueyi Komárek
Anabaena hatueyi Komárek
* Anabaena hieronymii Lemmermann
Anabaena hieronymii Lemmermann
* Anabaena hispida Gayral
Anabaena hispida Gayral
* Anabaena hollerbachii Obukhova [Obuchova]
Anabaena hollerbachii Obukhova [Obuchova]
* Anabaena huberi De Toni
Anabaena huberi De Toni
* Anabaena humicola Bortels
Anabaena humicola Bortels
* Anabaena hunanensis C.-C.Jao
Anabaena hunanensis C.-C.Jao
* Anabaena hyalina Schmidle
Anabaena hyalina Schmidle
* Anabaena impalpabilis Bory ex Bornet & Flahault
Anabaena impalpabilis Bory ex Bornet & Flahault
* Anabaena inaequalis Bornet & Flahault
Anabaena inaequalis Bornet & Flahault
* Anabaena incerta P.J.L.Dangeard
Anabaena incerta P.J.L.Dangeard
* Anabaena incognita H.Welsh
Anabaena incognita H.Welsh
* Anabaena indica Tiwari & Pandey
Anabaena indica Tiwari & Pandey
* Anabaena indica Zeller ex Bornet & Flahault
Anabaena indica Zeller ex Bornet & Flahault
* Anabaena irregularis I.F.Lewis, C.Zirkle & R.Patrick
Anabaena irregularis I.F.Lewis, C.Zirkle & R.Patrick
* Anabaena iyengari Bharadwaja
Anabaena iyengari Bharadwaja
* Anabaena iyengari var. attenuata C.B.Rao
Anabaena iyengari var. attenuata C.B.Rao
* Anabaena jeejiae Komárek
Anabaena jeejiae Komárek
* Anabaena jonssonii J.B.Petersen
Anabaena jonssonii J.B.Petersen
* Anabaena karakumica Kogan
Anabaena karakumica Kogan
* Anabaena kisselevii Proshkina-Lavrenko
Anabaena kisselevii Proshkina-Lavrenko
* Anabaena kwangtungensis S.-H.Ley
Anabaena kwangtungensis S.-H.Ley
* Anabaena lapponica Borge
Anabaena lapponica Borge
* Anabaena lapponica f. insignis Kossinska [Kossinskaya]
Anabaena lapponica f. insignis Kossinska [Kossinskaya]
* Anabaena laxa A.Braun
Anabaena laxa A.Braun
* Anabaena laxa var. hortensis Playfair
Anabaena laxa var. hortensis Playfair
* Anabaena leonardii Compère
Anabaena leonardii Compère
* Anabaena levanderi Lemmermann
Anabaena levanderi Lemmermann
* Anabaena lohammarii Skuja
Anabaena lohammarii Skuja
* Anabaena luteola Schmidle
Anabaena luteola Schmidle
* Anabaena macrospora var. gracilis Lemmermann
Anabaena macrospora var. gracilis Lemmermann
* Anabaena macrospora var. robusta Lemmermann
Anabaena macrospora var. robusta Lemmermann
* Anabaena macrospora f. crassa (Klebahn) Elenkin
Anabaena macrospora f. crassa (Klebahn) Elenkin
* Anabaena manchurica Skvortzov
Anabaena manchurica Skvortzov
* Anabaena marina N.L.Gardner
Anabaena marina N.L.Gardner
* Anabaena marklei J.Copeland
Anabaena marklei J.Copeland
* Anabaena mediocris N.L.Gardner
Anabaena mediocris N.L.Gardner
* Anabaena mehrai Vasishta
Anabaena mehrai Vasishta
* Anabaena mesiana Claassen
Anabaena mesiana Claassen
* Anabaena minderi Huber-Pestalozzi
Anabaena minderi Huber-Pestalozzi
* Anabaena miniata Skuja
Anabaena miniata Skuja
* Anabaena minima Chernov [Tschernov]
Anabaena minima Chernov [Tschernov]
* Anabaena minuta Borzì
Anabaena minuta Borzì
* Anabaena minuta H.Welsh
Anabaena minuta H.Welsh
* Anabaena minutissima var. australis Skuja
Anabaena minutissima var. australis Skuja
* Anabaena minutissima var. attenuata Pridmore & C.S.Reynolds
Anabaena minutissima var. attenuata Pridmore & C.S.Reynolds
* Anabaena minutissima Lemmermann
Anabaena minutissima Lemmermann
* Anabaena monilifera Frémy
Anabaena monilifera Frémy
* Anabaena multispora P.J.L.Dangeard
Anabaena multispora P.J.L.Dangeard
* Anabaena nodularioides Geitler & Ruttner
Anabaena nodularioides Geitler & Ruttner
* Anabaena novizelandica Skuja
Anabaena novizelandica Skuja
* Anabaena oblonga De Wildeman
Anabaena oblonga De Wildeman
* Anabaena orientalis S.C.Dixit
Anabaena orientalis S.C.Dixit
* Anabaena orientalis var. ellipsospora (C.B.Rao) Desikachary
Anabaena orientalis var. ellipsospora (C.B.Rao) Desikachary
* Anabaena orthogona West
Anabaena orthogona West
* Anabaena oscillarioides Bory ex Bornet & Flahault — [[типовой вид]] рода
Anabaena oscillarioides Bory ex Bornet & Flahault — типовой вид рода
* Anabaena oscillarioides f. circinalis Playfair
Anabaena oscillarioides f. circinalis Playfair
* Anabaena oscillarioides f. torulosa Playfair
Anabaena oscillarioides f. torulosa Playfair
* Anabaena oscillarioides var. crassa Playfair
Anabaena oscillarioides var. crassa Playfair
* Anabaena oscillarioides var. stenospora Bornet & Flahault
Anabaena oscillarioides var. stenospora Bornet & Flahault
* Anabaena oscillarioides var. angusta Bharadwaja
Anabaena oscillarioides var. angusta Bharadwaja
* Anabaena oscillarioides var. angustus Bharadwaja
Anabaena oscillarioides var. angustus Bharadwaja
* Anabaena oscillarioides var. nova-zelandiae Lemmermann
Anabaena oscillarioides var. nova-zelandiae Lemmermann
* Anabaena oscillarioides f. elliptica (Kisselev) Elenkin
Anabaena oscillarioides f. elliptica (Kisselev) Elenkin
* Anabaena papillosa Hirano
Anabaena papillosa Hirano
* Anabaena paulseniana J.B.Petersen
Anabaena paulseniana J.B.Petersen
* Anabaena perturbata H.Hill
Anabaena perturbata H.Hill
* Anabaena pintoi González Guerrero
Anabaena pintoi González Guerrero
* Anabaena pirinica Petkoff
Anabaena pirinica Petkoff
* Anabaena poulseniana J.B.Petersen
Anabaena poulseniana J.B.Petersen
* Anabaena promecespora Frémy
Anabaena promecespora Frémy
* Anabaena pseudocatenula Claassen
Anabaena pseudocatenula Claassen
* Anabaena pseudoconstricta Cholnoky
Anabaena pseudoconstricta Cholnoky
* Anabaena ramakaranae Bharadwaja
Anabaena ramakaranae Bharadwaja
* Anabaena raytonensis Cholnoky
Anabaena raytonensis Cholnoky
* Anabaena recta Geitler & Ruttner
Anabaena recta Geitler & Ruttner
* Anabaena repens Behre
Anabaena repens Behre
* Anabaena robusta Kogan & Yazkuleva [Jazkulijeva]
Anabaena robusta Kogan & Yazkuleva [Jazkulijeva]
* Anabaena saaremaaensis Skuja
Anabaena saaremaaensis Skuja
* Anabaena salina Alten
Anabaena salina Alten
* Anabaena salina Liebetanz
Anabaena salina Liebetanz
* Anabaena schauderi H.Welsh
Anabaena schauderi H.Welsh
* Anabaena scheremetieviae f. rotundispora Elenkin
Anabaena scheremetieviae f. rotundispora Elenkin
* Anabaena scheremetievii var. ifniensis P.González
Anabaena scheremetievii var. ifniensis P.González
* Anabaena scheremetievii f. ovalispora Elenkin
Anabaena scheremetievii f. ovalispora Elenkin
* Anabaena scheremetievii var. incurvata Elenkin
Anabaena scheremetievii var. incurvata Elenkin
* Anabaena scheremetievii f. ovalispora Schorbat
Anabaena scheremetievii f. ovalispora Schorbat
* Anabaena sedovii Kosinskaya
Anabaena sedovii Kosinskaya
* Anabaena shankargarhii A.K.Varma
Anabaena shankargarhii A.K.Varma
* Anabaena shensiensis C.-C.Jao
Anabaena shensiensis C.-C.Jao
* Anabaena solicola Kondrateva
Anabaena solicola Kondrateva
* Anabaena solitaria f. tenuis (Woronichin) Elenkin
Anabaena solitaria f. tenuis (Woronichin) Elenkin
* Anabaena sphaerica Bornet & Flahault
Anabaena sphaerica Bornet & Flahault
* Anabaena sphaerica f. major J.A.Rino
Anabaena sphaerica f. major J.A.Rino
* Anabaena sphaerica var. tenuis G.S.West
Anabaena sphaerica var. tenuis G.S.West
* Anabaena sphaerica var. attenuata Bharadwaja
Anabaena sphaerica var. attenuata Bharadwaja
* Anabaena sphaerica f. tenuis G.S.West
Anabaena sphaerica f. tenuis G.S.West
* Anabaena sphaerica f. microsperma (Schmidle) Kossinskaja
Anabaena sphaerica f. microsperma (Schmidle) Kossinskaja
* Anabaena sphagnicola Tarnavschi & Mitroiu
Anabaena sphagnicola Tarnavschi & Mitroiu
* Anabaena spinosa Laloraya & Mitra
Anabaena spinosa Laloraya & Mitra
* Anabaena spiroides f. africana (Nygaard) Pankow
Anabaena spiroides f. africana (Nygaard) Pankow
* Anabaena spiroides f. minima (Nygaard) Kossinskaja
Anabaena spiroides f. minima (Nygaard) Kossinskaja
* Anabaena spiroides f. woronichiniana Elenkin
Anabaena spiroides f. woronichiniana Elenkin
* Anabaena spiroides var. contracta Klebahn
Anabaena spiroides var. contracta Klebahn
* Anabaena spiroides var. talyschensis Woronichin
Anabaena spiroides var. talyschensis Woronichin
* Anabaena subdelicatula C.-C.Jao
Anabaena subdelicatula C.-C.Jao
* Anabaena subvariabilis R.E.M.Archibald
Anabaena subvariabilis R.E.M.Archibald
* Anabaena tatarica Kossinskaja
Anabaena tatarica Kossinskaja
* Anabaena tenuis Messikommer
Anabaena tenuis Messikommer
* Anabaena thermalis var. indica F.E.Fritsch
Anabaena thermalis var. indica F.E.Fritsch
* Anabaena thermophila G.H.Schwabe
Anabaena thermophila G.H.Schwabe
* Anabaena toruloides C.G.M.Archibald
Anabaena toruloides C.G.M.Archibald
* Anabaena torulosa Lagerheim ex Bornet & Flahault
Anabaena torulosa Lagerheim ex Bornet & Flahault
* Anabaena torulosa var. tenuis (Lemmermann) Geitler
Anabaena torulosa var. tenuis (Lemmermann) Geitler
* Anabaena torulosa var. stenospora Bornet & Flahault
Anabaena torulosa var. stenospora Bornet & Flahault
* Anabaena torulosa var. cylindracea (Playfair) Geitler
Anabaena torulosa var. cylindracea (Playfair) Geitler
* Anabaena tschujskaja Obukhova
Anabaena tschujskaja Obukhova
* Anabaena tsugarensis M.Watanabe
Anabaena tsugarensis M.Watanabe
* Anabaena turkestanica (Kiselev) Komárek
Anabaena turkestanica (Kiselev) Komárek
* Anabaena tuzsonii Halász
Anabaena tuzsonii Halász
* Anabaena variabilis var. cylindracea Playfair
Anabaena variabilis var. cylindracea Playfair
* Anabaena variabilis var. vietnamensis T.N.H.Phung, Couté & P.Bourrelly
Anabaena variabilis var. vietnamensis T.N.H.Phung, Couté & P.Bourrelly
* Anabaena vaucheriae C.-C.Jao
Anabaena vaucheriae C.-C.Jao
* Anabaena verrucosa J.B.Petersen
Anabaena verrucosa J.B.Petersen
* Anabaena volzii f. gelatinosa P.Bourrelly & Couté
Anabaena volzii f. gelatinosa P.Bourrelly & Couté
* Anabaena werneri Brunnthaler
Anabaena werneri Brunnthaler
* Anabaena westii Virieux
Anabaena westii Virieux
* Anabaena willei N.L.Gardner
Anabaena willei N.L.Gardner
* Anabaena wisconsinensis Prescott
Anabaena wisconsinensis Prescott
* Anabaena woodii G.De Toni<br>
Anabaena woodii G.De Toni.
|Genome Structure=The genome of the circular chromosome of the PCC 7120 strain of Anabaena has been sequenced. It contains 1 chromosome with 6,413,771 base pairs with 5,368 predicted protein-coding regions, and six plasmids ranging from 408,101 base pairs to 5,584 base pairs. The sequencing of the anabaena genome will aid researchers in studying the genetics and physiology of cellular differentiation, (as exhibited in the heterocycsts of Anabaena) pattern formation, and nitrogen fixation.
|Genome Structure=The genome of the circular chromosome of the PCC 7120 strain of Anabaena has been sequenced. It contains 1 chromosome with 6,413,771 base pairs with 5,368 predicted protein-coding regions, and six plasmids ranging from 408,101 base pairs to 5,584 base pairs. The sequencing of the anabaena genome will aid researchers in studying the genetics and physiology of cellular differentiation, (as exhibited in the heterocycsts of Anabaena) pattern formation, and nitrogen fixation.
|Cell Structure=During times of low environmental nitrogen, about one cell out of every ten will differentiate into a heterocyst. Heterocysts then supply neighboring cells with fixed nitrogen in return for the products of photosynthesis, that they can no longer perform. This separation of functions is essential because the nitrogen fixing enzyme in heterocysts, nitrogenase, is unstable in the presence of oxygen.
|Cell Structure=During times of low environmental nitrogen, about one cell out of every ten will differentiate into a heterocyst. Heterocysts then supply neighboring cells with fixed nitrogen in return for the products of photosynthesis, that they can no longer perform. This separation of functions is essential because the nitrogen fixing enzyme in heterocysts, nitrogenase, is unstable in the presence of oxygen.
|Ecology=It is commonly accepted that cyanobacteria played a key role in the manufacturing of oxygen during the Precambrian period of earth's history. They perform oxygenic photosynthesis, very similar to that of eukaryotic plants and algae, by utilizing water as a reductant source, consequently producing molecular oxygen. Heterocysts, mentioned above, are terminally differentiated cells that specialize in nitrogen fixation. It is believed that the capacity for developing heterocysts first developed when the concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere (largely produced by cyanobacteria) reached levels high enough to cause the inactivation of the nitrogen-fixing enzyme nitrogenase.
|Ecology=It is commonly accepted that cyanobacteria played a key role in the manufacturing of oxygen during the Precambrian period of earth's history. They perform oxygenic photosynthesis, very similar to that of eukaryotic plants and algae, by utilizing water as a reductant source, consequently producing molecular oxygen. Heterocysts, mentioned above, are terminally differentiated cells that specialize in nitrogen fixation. It is believed that the capacity for developing heterocysts first developed when the concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere (largely produced by cyanobacteria) reached levels high enough to cause the inactivation of the nitrogen-fixing enzyme nitrogenase.
}}
}}
'''Анабена''' (лат. ''Anabaena'') — род нитчатых [[Цианобактерии|цианобактерий]] (синезелёных водорослей), входит в состав [[планктон]]а. Клетки округлые или бочонковидные, имеются [[гетероцисты]]. Для анабены характерно наличие специализированных клеток для переживания неблагоприятного периода – [[Акинеты|акинет]]. Известны своими [[Азотфиксация|азотфиксирующими способностями]], образуют [[Симбиоз|симбиотические отношения]] с определёнными растениями, такими, как некоторые [[папоротники]]. Являются одними из четырёх родов цианобактерий, которые производят [[нейротоксин]]ы, наносящими ущерб местной дикой природе, а также сельскохозяйственным и домашним животным.
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Anabaena
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Anabaena



Текущая версия на 21:05, 29 октября 2022



5.00
(3 голоса)
Описание микроба Анабена (лат. Anabaena) — род нитчатых цианобактерий (синезелёных водорослей), входит в состав планктона. Клетки округлые или бочонковидные, имеются гетероцисты. Для анабены характерно наличие специализированных клеток для переживания неблагоприятного периода – акинет. Известны своими азотфиксирующими способностями, образуют симбиотические отношения с определёнными растениями, такими, как некоторые папоротники. Являются одними из четырёх родов цианобактерий, которые производят нейротоксины, наносящими ущерб местной дикой природе, а также сельскохозяйственным и домашним животным..
Верхний таксон Bacteria, Cyanobacteria, Nostocales, Nostocaceae, Anabaena
Species - виды [[Species::* Anabaena abnormis Proskina-Lavrenko & Makarova
  • Anabaena aequalis Borge
  • Anabaena aequalis f. anomala Kossinska Kossinskaya
  • Anabaena aerophila Brabez
  • Anabaena aeruginosa N.L.Gardner
  • Anabaena alatospora Gonzalvez & Kamat
  • Anabaena alatospora var. ona S.A.Guarrera & R.O.Echenique
  • Anabaena allahabadii A.K.Mitra
  • Anabaena ambigua var. unispora C.L.Sant’Anna
  • Anabaena anisococca Migula
  • Anabaena aspera Frémy
  • Anabaena attenuata Kiselev
  • Anabaena augstumalis Schmidle
  • Anabaena augstumnalis Schmidle
  • Anabaena australica Playfair
  • Anabaena australica var. constricta Playfair
  • Anabaena austroafricana Cronberg & Komárek
  • Anabaena azotica Ley
  • Anabaena baltica E.J.Schmidt
  • Anabaena batophora Frémy
  • Anabaena beckii G.De Toni
  • Anabaena bederi Seckt
  • Anabaena belmontica C.G.M.Archibald
  • Anabaena berkeleyana Batters
  • Anabaena bernardinensis Chodat & Zender
  • Anabaena bharadwajae B.N.Prasad
  • Anabaena bispora Gayral & Mazancourt
  • Anabaena bolochonceviana Woronichin
  • Anabaena bolochonzewii C.Meyer
  • Anabaena bonariensis Seckt
  • Anabaena bornetiana Collins
  • Anabaena broomei Batters
  • Anabaena californica Borge
  • Anabaena carmichaelii Cronberg & Komárek
  • Anabaena catenula Kützing ex Bornet & Flahault
  • Anabaena cavanillesiana González Guerro
  • Anabaena circinalis var. crassa Ghose
  • Anabaena codicola Feldmann
  • Anabaena confervoides Reinsch ex De Toni
  • Anabaena contorta Bachmann
  • Anabaena cupressaphila Wolle
  • Anabaena cylindrica Lemmermann
  • Anabaena cylindrica f. intermedia Elenkin
  • Anabaena cylindrica var. fertilissima Tiwari & R.S.Pandey
  • Anabaena cylindrospora Tschernov
  • Anabaena delicatissima N.L.Gardner
  • Anabaena delicatula var. robusta Eberly
  • Anabaena discoidea (Schmidle) Ostenfeld
  • Anabaena duplooyae H.Welsh
  • Anabaena echinospora Skuja
  • Anabaena echinospora var. yamano S.A.Guarrera & R.O.Echenique
  • Anabaena elegans Sant’Anna
  • Anabaena ellipsoidea (Compère) Komárek
  • Anabaena elliptica Lemmermann
  • Anabaena elongata Prescott
  • Anabaena epiphytica N.L.Gardner
  • Anabaena epiphytica Huber-Pestalozzi
  • Anabaena felisii Bornet & Flahault
  • Anabaena flosaquae f. spiroides Woronichin
  • Anabaena flosaquae f. intermedia (Woronichin) Elenkin
  • Anabaena flosaquae f. minor (West) Elenkin
  • Anabaena flosaquae f. gracilis (Kleban) Elenkin
  • Anabaena fullebornii Schmidle
  • Anabaena fuscovaginata Mares
  • Anabaena galpinii Claassen
  • Anabaena geitleri De Toni
  • Anabaena gerdii E.J.Carpenter & Janson
  • Anabaena ghosei H.Welsh
  • Anabaena glauca Schmidle
  • Anabaena gracilis Messikommer
  • Anabaena gregaria Zakrzewski
  • Anabaena gregaria f. rotundata Zakrzewski
  • Anabaena gregaria f. oblongata Zakrzewski
  • Anabaena groenlandica Bachmann
  • Anabaena hatueyi Komárek
  • Anabaena hieronymii Lemmermann
  • Anabaena hispida Gayral
  • Anabaena hollerbachii Obukhova [Obuchova]
  • Anabaena huberi De Toni
  • Anabaena humicola Bortels
  • Anabaena hunanensis C.-C.Jao
  • Anabaena hyalina Schmidle
  • Anabaena impalpabilis Bory ex Bornet & Flahault
  • Anabaena inaequalis Bornet & Flahault
  • Anabaena incerta P.J.L.Dangeard
  • Anabaena incognita H.Welsh
  • Anabaena indica Tiwari & Pandey
  • Anabaena indica Zeller ex Bornet & Flahault
  • Anabaena irregularis I.F.Lewis, C.Zirkle & R.Patrick
  • Anabaena iyengari Bharadwaja
  • Anabaena iyengari var. attenuata C.B.Rao
  • Anabaena jeejiae Komárek
  • Anabaena jonssonii J.B.Petersen
  • Anabaena karakumica Kogan
  • Anabaena kisselevii Proshkina-Lavrenko
  • Anabaena kwangtungensis S.-H.Ley
  • Anabaena lapponica Borge
  • Anabaena lapponica f. insignis Kossinska [Kossinskaya]
  • Anabaena laxa A.Braun
  • Anabaena laxa var. hortensis Playfair
  • Anabaena leonardii Compère
  • Anabaena levanderi Lemmermann
  • Anabaena lohammarii Skuja
  • Anabaena luteola Schmidle
  • Anabaena macrospora var. gracilis Lemmermann
  • Anabaena macrospora var. robusta Lemmermann
  • Anabaena macrospora f. crassa (Klebahn) Elenkin
  • Anabaena manchurica Skvortzov
  • Anabaena marina N.L.Gardner
  • Anabaena marklei J.Copeland
  • Anabaena mediocris N.L.Gardner
  • Anabaena mehrai Vasishta
  • Anabaena mesiana Claassen
  • Anabaena minderi Huber-Pestalozzi
  • Anabaena miniata Skuja
  • Anabaena minima Chernov [Tschernov]
  • Anabaena minuta Borzì
  • Anabaena minuta H.Welsh
  • Anabaena minutissima var. australis Skuja
  • Anabaena minutissima var. attenuata Pridmore & C.S.Reynolds
  • Anabaena minutissima Lemmermann
  • Anabaena monilifera Frémy
  • Anabaena multispora P.J.L.Dangeard
  • Anabaena nodularioides Geitler & Ruttner
  • Anabaena novizelandica Skuja
  • Anabaena oblonga De Wildeman
  • Anabaena orientalis S.C.Dixit
  • Anabaena orientalis var. ellipsospora (C.B.Rao) Desikachary
  • Anabaena orthogona West
  • Anabaena oscillarioides Bory ex Bornet & Flahault — типовой вид рода
  • Anabaena oscillarioides f. circinalis Playfair
  • Anabaena oscillarioides f. torulosa Playfair
  • Anabaena oscillarioides var. crassa Playfair
  • Anabaena oscillarioides var. stenospora Bornet & Flahault
  • Anabaena oscillarioides var. angusta Bharadwaja
  • Anabaena oscillarioides var. angustus Bharadwaja
  • Anabaena oscillarioides var. nova-zelandiae Lemmermann
  • Anabaena oscillarioides f. elliptica (Kisselev) Elenkin
  • Anabaena papillosa Hirano
  • Anabaena paulseniana J.B.Petersen
  • Anabaena perturbata H.Hill
  • Anabaena pintoi González Guerrero
  • Anabaena pirinica Petkoff
  • Anabaena poulseniana J.B.Petersen
  • Anabaena promecespora Frémy
  • Anabaena pseudocatenula Claassen
  • Anabaena pseudoconstricta Cholnoky
  • Anabaena ramakaranae Bharadwaja
  • Anabaena raytonensis Cholnoky
  • Anabaena recta Geitler & Ruttner
  • Anabaena repens Behre
  • Anabaena robusta Kogan & Yazkuleva [Jazkulijeva]
  • Anabaena saaremaaensis Skuja
  • Anabaena salina Alten
  • Anabaena salina Liebetanz
  • Anabaena schauderi H.Welsh
  • Anabaena scheremetieviae f. rotundispora Elenkin
  • Anabaena scheremetievii var. ifniensis P.González
  • Anabaena scheremetievii f. ovalispora Elenkin
  • Anabaena scheremetievii var. incurvata Elenkin
  • Anabaena scheremetievii f. ovalispora Schorbat
  • Anabaena sedovii Kosinskaya
  • Anabaena shankargarhii A.K.Varma
  • Anabaena shensiensis C.-C.Jao
  • Anabaena solicola Kondrateva
  • Anabaena solitaria f. tenuis (Woronichin) Elenkin
  • Anabaena sphaerica Bornet & Flahault
  • Anabaena sphaerica f. major J.A.Rino
  • Anabaena sphaerica var. tenuis G.S.West
  • Anabaena sphaerica var. attenuata Bharadwaja
  • Anabaena sphaerica f. tenuis G.S.West
  • Anabaena sphaerica f. microsperma (Schmidle) Kossinskaja
  • Anabaena sphagnicola Tarnavschi & Mitroiu
  • Anabaena spinosa Laloraya & Mitra
  • Anabaena spiroides f. africana (Nygaard) Pankow
  • Anabaena spiroides f. minima (Nygaard) Kossinskaja
  • Anabaena spiroides f. woronichiniana Elenkin
  • Anabaena spiroides var. contracta Klebahn
  • Anabaena spiroides var. talyschensis Woronichin
  • Anabaena subdelicatula C.-C.Jao
  • Anabaena subvariabilis R.E.M.Archibald
  • Anabaena tatarica Kossinskaja
  • Anabaena tenuis Messikommer
  • Anabaena thermalis var. indica F.E.Fritsch
  • Anabaena thermophila G.H.Schwabe
  • Anabaena toruloides C.G.M.Archibald
  • Anabaena torulosa Lagerheim ex Bornet & Flahault
  • Anabaena torulosa var. tenuis (Lemmermann) Geitler
  • Anabaena torulosa var. stenospora Bornet & Flahault
  • Anabaena torulosa var. cylindracea (Playfair) Geitler
  • Anabaena tschujskaja Obukhova
  • Anabaena tsugarensis M.Watanabe
  • Anabaena turkestanica (Kiselev) Komárek
  • Anabaena tuzsonii Halász
  • Anabaena variabilis var. cylindracea Playfair
  • Anabaena variabilis var. vietnamensis T.N.H.Phung, Couté & P.Bourrelly
  • Anabaena vaucheriae C.-C.Jao
  • Anabaena verrucosa J.B.Petersen
  • Anabaena volzii f. gelatinosa P.Bourrelly & Couté
  • Anabaena werneri Brunnthaler
  • Anabaena westii Virieux
  • Anabaena willei N.L.Gardner
  • Anabaena wisconsinensis Prescott
  • Anabaena woodii G.De Toni
    ]]
Genome Structure= структура генома The genome of the circular chromosome of the PCC 7120 strain of Anabaena has been sequenced. It contains 1 chromosome with 6,413,771 base pairs with 5,368 predicted protein-coding regions, and six plasmids ranging from 408,101 base pairs to 5,584 base pairs. The sequencing of the anabaena genome will aid researchers in studying the genetics and physiology of cellular differentiation, (as exhibited in the heterocycsts of Anabaena) pattern formation, and nitrogen fixation.
Cell Structure - клеточная структура During times of low environmental nitrogen, about one cell out of every ten will differentiate into a heterocyst. Heterocysts then supply neighboring cells with fixed nitrogen in return for the products of photosynthesis, that they can no longer perform. This separation of functions is essential because the nitrogen fixing enzyme in heterocysts, nitrogenase, is unstable in the presence of oxygen.
Ecology= экология обитания It is commonly accepted that cyanobacteria played a key role in the manufacturing of oxygen during the Precambrian period of earth's history. They perform oxygenic photosynthesis, very similar to that of eukaryotic plants and algae, by utilizing water as a reductant source, consequently producing molecular oxygen. Heterocysts, mentioned above, are terminally differentiated cells that specialize in nitrogen fixation. It is believed that the capacity for developing heterocysts first developed when the concentration of oxygen in the atmosphere (largely produced by cyanobacteria) reached levels high enough to cause the inactivation of the nitrogen-fixing enzyme nitrogenase.

Анабена (лат. Anabaena) — род нитчатых цианобактерий (синезелёных водорослей), входит в состав планктона. Клетки округлые или бочонковидные, имеются гетероцисты. Для анабены характерно наличие специализированных клеток для переживания неблагоприятного периода – акинет. Известны своими азотфиксирующими способностями, образуют симбиотические отношения с определёнными растениями, такими, как некоторые папоротники. Являются одними из четырёх родов цианобактерий, которые производят нейротоксины, наносящими ущерб местной дикой природе, а также сельскохозяйственным и домашним животным.

https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Anabaena

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