Scrolling Platformer Tutorial: различия между версиями
Patarakin (обсуждение | вклад) |
Patarakin (обсуждение | вклад) |
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(не показана 1 промежуточная версия этого же участника) | |||
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{{Scripting Tutorials | {{Scripting Tutorials | ||
|Description=Руководство по скроллингу | |Description=Руководство по скроллингу | ||
|Field_of_knowledge=Математика | |||
|FieldActivity=Computational Thinker | |||
|Возрастная категория=12 | |||
}} | }} | ||
==Coding the Player Sprite== | ==Coding the Player Sprite== | ||
To code the movement of the player, the following scripts need to be made. All scripts in this section are to go in the 'Player' sprite. | To code the movement of the player, the following scripts need to be made. All scripts in this section are to go in the 'Player' sprite. | ||
<scratchblocks> | <scratchblocks> |
Текущая версия на 17:37, 10 ноября 2023
Описание | Руководство по скроллингу |
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Область знаний | Математика |
Область использования (ISTE) | Computational Thinker |
Возрастная категория | 12
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Поясняющее видео | |
Близкие рецепту понятия | |
Среды и средства для приготовления рецепта: |
Coding the Player Sprite
To code the movement of the player, the following scripts need to be made. All scripts in this section are to go in the 'Player' sprite.
When green flag clicked broadcast (Green Flag v) and wait//A way to only need 1 flag block. Flag blocks create lag, so the fewer the better.{{cn}} broadcast (Play Game v) and wait//Broadcasts to the other sprites that the game has started. When I receive [Play game v] forever broadcast (Reset v) and wait broadcast (Set Up v) and wait Game On::custom//Sets up the variables. repeat until <(EXIT)>()>//This means the player has either died or won. broadcast (Tick v) end if <(EXIT)=(win)> then Win::custom else Die::custom//If the player did not win, they would have died. end define Position go to x:((x)-(SCROLL X)) y: ((y) - (SCROLL Y) define Game On//Run without screen refresh. point in direction (90) set size to (100)% clear graphic effects set [in air v] to (0) set rotation style [left-right v] set [sy v] to (0) set [x v] to (0) set [y v] to (0) set [EXIT v] to () //This should be blank. set [SCROLLL X v] to (0) set [SCROLLL Y v] to (0) show When I receive [Tick v] broadcast (Ready v) Tick <key (Right arrow v) pressed?> <key (Up arrow v) pressed?> <key (Left arrow v) pressed?>::custom//Checks if a key has been pressed. define Tick <right> <up> <left> if <left> then//If the left key was pressed, it moves the player left. Change player X by [-8]::custom end if <right> then//If the right key was pressed, it moves the player right. Change player X by [8]::custom end if <<up> and <(in air)< (4)>> then//If the up key was pressed, it checks if they are still in the air. If they are not, it makes the player jump. set [sy v] to (16) end change [sy v] by (-1)//Set sy to any negative number. Change player Y by (sy)::custom//Actually moves the player's Y position. Test dying::custom//Checks if the player has hit a danger sprite. if <(SCROLL X)<(0)> then set [SCROLL X v] to (0) end if <(SCROLL Y)<(0)> then set [SCROLL Y v] to (0) end change [SCROLL Y v] by (round(((y)-(SCROLL Y))/(10))) change [SCROLL X v] by (round(((x)-(SCROLL X))/(5))) Position::custom//Positions the player's location correctly. if <(y position) < (-180)> then//Checks if the player has fallen into the abyss. set [EXIT v] to [die] end define Change player X by (sx)//Moves the player's X axis. if <(sx::custom)<(0)> then//If the player is moving left. point in direction (-90)//They point left. else point in direction (90)//They point right. end change [x v] by (sx::custom)//Changes the X variable by the amount of movement needed (sx). Position::custom//Positions the player. if <touching (platforms v) ?> then//Will check if the player has hit a wall or a slope. repeat (12)//Will check if the wall/slope is 12 pixels steep or not. change [y v] by (1)//Moves the player up 1 pixel. Position::custom//Positions the player. if <not<touching (platforms v) ?>> then//That means it was a slope, so the player can stop trying. stop [this script v] end end change [y v] by (-12)//Corrects for the 12 that was used above. repeat until <not<touching (platforms v)?>> //Repeatedly checks is the player has ran into a wall. if <(sx)>(0)> then //To see if the player is moving left of right. change [x v] by (-1) //The player is trying to move right, so we need to move left to not go into the wall. else change [x v] by (1) //The player is trying to move left, so we need to move right to stay out of the wall. end Position::custom //Reposistions the player on the scrolling plane. end end define Change player Y by (sy) change [y v] by (sy::custom) //Changes the y variable by (sy). change [in air v] by (1) //This is so that we know if we are in the air or on the ground. Without this, the player would be able to hold jump and just fly. Position::custom //Reposistions the player. repeat until <not<touching (platforms v)?>> if <(sy::custom)>(0)> then change [y v] by (-1) else change [y v] by (1) set [in air v] to (0) end set [sy v] to (0) Position::custom end define Test dying if <touching (Danger v)?> then set [EXIT v] to [die] end define Die set [EXIT v] to ()//This is empty. repeat (4) hide wait (0.1) seconds show end wait (0.5) seconds define Win set rotation style [don't rotate v] repeat (50) point towards (Portal v) turn cw (65) degrees move ((distance to (Portal v))/(2)) steps change size by (-1) change [ghost v] effect by (2) end hide change [LEVEL v] by (1) wait (1) seconds clear graphic effects set rotation style [left-right v]
Coding the Platforms Sprite
Once the player's code has been completed, the ground sprite (called 'platforms' here) needs to be added in order to create a scrolling effect. The following scripts go in the 'platforms' sprite.
when I receive [Tick v] Position ((x)-(SCROLL X)) ((y) - (SCROLL Y) when I receive [Green flag v] show define Position (x) (y) go to x: (x::custom) y: (y::custom) if <<(x::custom)= (x position)> and <(y::custom) = (y position)>> then show else hide end When I receive [Setup v] set [x v] to (0) set [y v] to (0) if <(LEVEL)=(1)> then switch costume to (Level 1 1) Clone (450) (0) // This clones a new level. This needs to be done as many times as the number of levels. In this case, 3 is used as an example. Clone (450) (0) Clone (450) (0) else ...::grey // If there is another scene, it should be cloned here using another if else block. end define Clone (x) (y) create clone of (myself v) change [x v] by (x::custom) change [y v] by (y::custom) next costume
Coding the Danger Sprite
To code the danger sprite, simply duplicate the "platforms" sprite and replace all the levels only with the dangerous elements that would hurt the player. Шаблон:Note
when I receive [Tick v] position ((x)-(SCROLL X))((y)-(SCROLL Y))::custom when I receive [Green flag v] show when I receive [Reset v] delete this clone define Position (x) (y) go to x: (x::custom) y: (y::custom) if <<(x::custom)= (x position)> and <(y::custom) = (y position)>> then show else hide end when I receive [Setup v] set [x v] to (0) set [y v] to (0) if <(LEVEL)=(1)> then switch costume to (Level 1 1) Clone (450) (0) // This clones a new level. Do this as many times as the number of levels, in this case 3 is used as an example. Clone (450) (0) Clone (450) (0) else ...::grey // If there is another scene, then it should be cloned here using another if else block. end define Clone (x) (y) create clone of (myself v) change [x v] by (x::custom) change [y v] by (y::custom) next costume
Coding the Portal
Now that everything is made, a way to go to the next level needs to be made.
When I receive [Tick v] Position ((x)-(SCROLL X)) (((y) - (SCROLL Y)) + ((([sin v] of (timer)) *(100))*(20)))::custom if <<(costume [number v]) = (2)> and <touching (player v)?>> then set [EXIT v] to [win] end When I receive [Setup v] set [x v] to (0) set [y v] to (0) if <(LEVEL)=(1)> then switch costume to (Level 1 1) Position Portal at (450) (180)::custom else ...::grey // If there is another scene, then the portal needs to be positioned here using another if else block. end define Position Portal at (x) (y) set [x v] to (x::custom) set [y v] to (y::custom) define Position (x) (y) go to x: (x::custom) y: (y::custom) if <<(x::custom)= (x position)> and <(y::custom) = (y position)>> then show else hide end
Adding Collectibles
Collectibles can be added to the game to make it more interesting. They are objects that need to be collected in order to achieve a certain goal. The code to make them is shown below:
When I receive [Tick v] Position ((x)-(SCROLL X)) (((y) - (SCROLL Y)) + ((([sin v] of (timer)) *(300))*(5)))::custom if <touching (player v)?> then change [COLLECTED v] by (1) if <(COLLECTED)=(COLLECTED MAX)> then broadcast (Open portal v) start sound (All coins collected v) else start sound (Collect v) end delete this clone end When I receive [Green flag v] show when [m v] key pressed set [MOUSE v] to (join ((mouse x) + (SCROLL X))(join [,]((mouse y) + (SCROLL Y)))) When I receive [Reset v] delete this clone define Position (x) (y) go to x: (x::custom) y: (y::custom) if <<(x::custom)= (x position)> and <(y::custom) = (y position)>> then show else hide end When I receive [Setup v] set [x v] to (0) set [y v] to (0) if <(LEVEL)=(1)> then Clone (450) (180)::custom else ...::grey // If there is another scene than coins need to be cloned here using another if else block. end define Clone (x) (y) set [x v] to (x::custom) set [y v] to (y::custom) create clone of (myself v) change [COLLECTED MAX v] by (1)
Transforming a Basic Platformer
Often, Scratchers make basic platformers before they make a scrolling platformer, and they may want to use their old script to make a scrolling platformer. To do this, the "ground" sprite would move with the player. Making a script to do this is simple:
when green flag clicked//This goes in the player sprite. forever Scroll (((0) - (x position)) * (0.8)) (((-40) - (y position)) * (0.8))//0 and -40 are the desired x and y positions of the player. ...//The basic platformer script goes here. end define Scroll (x) (y)//This goes in the player sprite. change [level x v] by (round (x))//Round the variables so the level moves correctly. change [level y v] by (round (y)) change x by (round (x))//When the level moves, the player must move with it. change y by (round (y)) when green flag clicked//This goes in the ground sprite. forever go to x:(level x) y:(level y) end